Pub Date : 2019-10-30DOI: 10.20476/jbb.v26i2.11122
Nur Hendrasto
The digital transformation has been a significant discussion since scientists predicted the birth of the digital era. The transformation affects many things, especially in the leadership concept. This article aims at investigating the development of academic literature on leadership in the digital era. We use bibliometric analysis and literature review to give further suggestions on which topics on leadership for a digital startup shall go to the fore. This study has mapped out the academic literature on the keyword "digital leadership" from the early year of the rise of the digital era in 2000, up until the end of 2018. This study shows that the topics related to digital leadership are digital transformation, internet, system, and organization. Between these four topics, the closest relation found in the topics of organization. Therefore to have a better understanding of leadership for the digital startup, further research should target the area of the organization.
{"title":"LEADERSHIP THEORY IN DIGITAL ERA: A PRELIMINARY RESEARCH FOR LEADERSHIP IN CROWDFUNDING DIGITAL STARTUP","authors":"Nur Hendrasto","doi":"10.20476/jbb.v26i2.11122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20476/jbb.v26i2.11122","url":null,"abstract":"The digital transformation has been a significant discussion since scientists predicted the birth of the digital era. The transformation affects many things, especially in the leadership concept. This article aims at investigating the development of academic literature on leadership in the digital era. We use bibliometric analysis and literature review to give further suggestions on which topics on leadership for a digital startup shall go to the fore. This study has mapped out the academic literature on the keyword \"digital leadership\" from the early year of the rise of the digital era in 2000, up until the end of 2018. This study shows that the topics related to digital leadership are digital transformation, internet, system, and organization. Between these four topics, the closest relation found in the topics of organization. Therefore to have a better understanding of leadership for the digital startup, further research should target the area of the organization.","PeriodicalId":8986,"journal":{"name":"Bisnis & Birokrasi Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78334343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-29DOI: 10.20476/JBB.V26I1.10170
B. Yulianto, S. Maarif, C. Wijaya, H. Hardjomidjojo
This study aims to analyze the state of energy security in East Sumba, one of the four regencies dividing the Island of Sumba, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. This region was chosen for this study as it is popularly known as the Iconic Island of Renewable Energy. Data was gathered by applying expert interview method and analytical hierarchy process. In sum, 30 source persons dealing with the energy security issue were interviewed: 11 government officials (G), 8 businessmen (B), 5 scholars (A), 4 from the common society (C), and 2 from a financial institution. This study applied energy security index to assess energy security in East Sumba. The data was analyzed by using descriptive analysis and Eckenrode method, with energy security as a criterion. The study results show that the energy security index based on renewable resources in East Sumba is still relatively low (5.91). East Sumba is rich in natural sources of energy, such as sunlight, water, biomass, wind, and biogas. Factors such as poor affordability lead to a low energy security index in East Sumba, which is often a result of poverty. The natural vast hilly and grassland topography and the decentralized settlement of the people of East Sumba also lead to poor accessibility of energy. Moreover, the supporting infrastructure, such as roads, also causes a low index of energy security. The lack of an institutional model also discourages investors from investing in East Sumba. The electrification ratio in East Sumba is still low, reaching only 31%.
{"title":"Energy Security Scenario based on Renewable Resources: A Case Study of East Sumba, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia","authors":"B. Yulianto, S. Maarif, C. Wijaya, H. Hardjomidjojo","doi":"10.20476/JBB.V26I1.10170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20476/JBB.V26I1.10170","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to analyze the state of energy security in East Sumba, one of the four regencies dividing the Island of Sumba, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. This region was chosen for this study as it is popularly known as the Iconic Island of Renewable Energy. Data was gathered by applying expert interview method and analytical hierarchy process. In sum, 30 source persons dealing with the energy security issue were interviewed: 11 government officials (G), 8 businessmen (B), 5 scholars (A), 4 from the common society (C), and 2 from a financial institution. This study applied energy security index to assess energy security in East Sumba. The data was analyzed by using descriptive analysis and Eckenrode method, with energy security as a criterion. The study results show that the energy security index based on renewable resources in East Sumba is still relatively low (5.91). East Sumba is rich in natural sources of energy, such as sunlight, water, biomass, wind, and biogas. Factors such as poor affordability lead to a low energy security index in East Sumba, which is often a result of poverty. The natural vast hilly and grassland topography and the decentralized settlement of the people of East Sumba also lead to poor accessibility of energy. Moreover, the supporting infrastructure, such as roads, also causes a low index of energy security. The lack of an institutional model also discourages investors from investing in East Sumba. The electrification ratio in East Sumba is still low, reaching only 31%.","PeriodicalId":8986,"journal":{"name":"Bisnis & Birokrasi Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90196091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-29DOI: 10.20476/JBB.V26I1.10312
A. Basuki, K. Setyowati, R. Wahyunengseh
Most research on public accountability is carried out in government agencies. Little looks at the accountability model for village financial management. Little is also known about villages in developing countries having successfully managed their finance that fulfills both formal and substantive aspects of public accountability. This research attempts to analyze Bovens accountability model framework which increases three important accountability elements: right of authority, answerability and enforceability in village financial management. Data are collected through interviews with informants and secondary data from village financial reports. We find that village community forum takes place democratically to ask for accountability but cannot be a substantive accountee. Panggungharjo Village is studied here as depiction of a top performing village at national level that has procedurally and normatively fulfilled the answerability aspect of vertical accountability. However, the potential problem of accountability arises from the essence of accountability from the aspect of democracy, where public participation as accountees is still biased so answerability has not yet emerged on horizontal accountability. Culture of the society and technocratic policies become confounding variables. A theoretical implication simultaneously enriches Bovens’ model is the need to look at the environmental context, namely, bureaucrats’ attitudes in the political context as accountor and the cultural environment of the community as accountee.
{"title":"Accountability Model of Financial Management in the Public Sector: A Study on Panggungharjo Village Budget","authors":"A. Basuki, K. Setyowati, R. Wahyunengseh","doi":"10.20476/JBB.V26I1.10312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20476/JBB.V26I1.10312","url":null,"abstract":"Most research on public accountability is carried out in government agencies. Little looks at the accountability model for village financial management. Little is also known about villages in developing countries having successfully managed their finance that fulfills both formal and substantive aspects of public accountability. This research attempts to analyze Bovens accountability model framework which increases three important accountability elements: right of authority, answerability and enforceability in village financial management. Data are collected through interviews with informants and secondary data from village financial reports. We find that village community forum takes place democratically to ask for accountability but cannot be a substantive accountee. Panggungharjo Village is studied here as depiction of a top performing village at national level that has procedurally and normatively fulfilled the answerability aspect of vertical accountability. However, the potential problem of accountability arises from the essence of accountability from the aspect of democracy, where public participation as accountees is still biased so answerability has not yet emerged on horizontal accountability. Culture of the society and technocratic policies become confounding variables. A theoretical implication simultaneously enriches Bovens’ model is the need to look at the environmental context, namely, bureaucrats’ attitudes in the political context as accountor and the cultural environment of the community as accountee.","PeriodicalId":8986,"journal":{"name":"Bisnis & Birokrasi Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81156882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-29DOI: 10.20476/JBB.V26I1.10725
L. Anggraini, I. Maksum, H. Halidin
The Mayor of Jayapura City is leading the city to be religious, advanced, modern, prosperous, and uphold local wisdom. As the capital of Papua Province, this city faces a prolonged problem of inequality from within the city, with the province of West Papua, and neighboring Papua New Guinea. The paper questions how Jayapura City, as the capital of Papua Province manages inequalities and drive the economic sector forward based on the Organizational Conflict Model of Pondy (1967). Results of indepth interview and secondary data research were analyzed based on qualitative analysis. Inequalities have hit indigenous Papuans the hardest. They are also facing the pressure of higher skilled settlers from other parts of Indonesia and encroachment from the indigenous mountain Papuans. Based on the model, we have found that the Mayor has been responsive to mitigate potential conflicts. The bureaucracy is supported by the military, police, community leaders, and academics. We argue that representative bureaucracy taking into account customary law and indigenous beliefs will reduce tension in the society and receive support in program implementation of the city.
{"title":"Organizational Conflict Model in Managing Indigenous Papuans Local Economic Development: A Case Study of Jayapura","authors":"L. Anggraini, I. Maksum, H. Halidin","doi":"10.20476/JBB.V26I1.10725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20476/JBB.V26I1.10725","url":null,"abstract":"The Mayor of Jayapura City is leading the city to be religious, advanced, modern, prosperous, and uphold local wisdom. As the capital of Papua Province, this city faces a prolonged problem of inequality from within the city, with the province of West Papua, and neighboring Papua New Guinea. The paper questions how Jayapura City, as the capital of Papua Province manages inequalities and drive the economic sector forward based on the Organizational Conflict Model of Pondy (1967). Results of indepth interview and secondary data research were analyzed based on qualitative analysis. Inequalities have hit indigenous Papuans the hardest. They are also facing the pressure of higher skilled settlers from other parts of Indonesia and encroachment from the indigenous mountain Papuans. Based on the model, we have found that the Mayor has been responsive to mitigate potential conflicts. The bureaucracy is supported by the military, police, community leaders, and academics. We argue that representative bureaucracy taking into account customary law and indigenous beliefs will reduce tension in the society and receive support in program implementation of the city.","PeriodicalId":8986,"journal":{"name":"Bisnis & Birokrasi Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80432046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-29DOI: 10.20476/JBB.V26I1.10115
O. C. Ambarwati, R. A. Nugroho, D. Suharto
The online transportation has been a concern in many countries. It caused social problems with more established conventional transportation such as taxis and buses. Some countries had issued policy to regulate online transportation, while some others did not. Indonesia is facing the similar dilemmas. On one hand online transportation provides new jobs but on the other hand it adds congestion and creating threats to the conventional public transportation presence. This research is conducted to reveal the public opinion towards the continued use of online transportation. The insight of this issue might help government in deciding whether or not they are issuing a policy on online transportation. To do the research, this study used an information system (IS) model to understand the context of continuance. As the practice of IS model use in public administration research is still very limited this study will focus on the validity of IS model to be used in public administration area. Questionnaire was given to 64 respondents that were chosen using convenient sampling approach. The items of the questionnaire were built based on the well-known IS continuance model with some addition to the predictor variables. The result indicates that IS model could be used in the public administration research as most of the items in the constructs were valid and reliable. Another important finding is that government regulation is the valid predictor of public intention to reuse online transportation. This study suggests government to issue a policy to regulate online transportation, by having a balance portion on maintaining economic growth and providing social stability. Further suggestions are discussed in the paper.
{"title":"The Role of the Government Regulation in Online Transportation: A Model Validation","authors":"O. C. Ambarwati, R. A. Nugroho, D. Suharto","doi":"10.20476/JBB.V26I1.10115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20476/JBB.V26I1.10115","url":null,"abstract":"The online transportation has been a concern in many countries. It caused social problems with more established conventional transportation such as taxis and buses. Some countries had issued policy to regulate online transportation, while some others did not. Indonesia is facing the similar dilemmas. On one hand online transportation provides new jobs but on the other hand it adds congestion and creating threats to the conventional public transportation presence. This research is conducted to reveal the public opinion towards the continued use of online transportation. The insight of this issue might help government in deciding whether or not they are issuing a policy on online transportation. To do the research, this study used an information system (IS) model to understand the context of continuance. As the practice of IS model use in public administration research is still very limited this study will focus on the validity of IS model to be used in public administration area. Questionnaire was given to 64 respondents that were chosen using convenient sampling approach. The items of the questionnaire were built based on the well-known IS continuance model with some addition to the predictor variables. The result indicates that IS model could be used in the public administration research as most of the items in the constructs were valid and reliable. Another important finding is that government regulation is the valid predictor of public intention to reuse online transportation. This study suggests government to issue a policy to regulate online transportation, by having a balance portion on maintaining economic growth and providing social stability. Further suggestions are discussed in the paper.","PeriodicalId":8986,"journal":{"name":"Bisnis & Birokrasi Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81582253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-29DOI: 10.20476/JBB.V26I1.10084
T. Valentina, R. Putera, Ira Irawati
Democracy consolidation is a process that reduces the possibility of reversing democratization, for the process is featured by negotiations among actors that wants to "promote" the new system or "rules of the game" rather than to damage the old system, and everything is reflected in the process of returning to the nagari in West Sumatra, Indonesia. There is an anomaly of power when the nature of state authority finally raises a "drama" of a political system directly applied to local nagari institutions. The renewal of nagari from previously imposed uniformity under the Village Government Law 5/1979 cannot be analyzed merely as an issue of autonomy and governance. It must be understood within regulative, normative, and cultural orders that shape institutions and their actors. This study adopts a sociological and historical analysis of neo-institutionalism to examine the political dynamics of nagari. The key problem discussed in this article is how institutional structures, rules, norms, and cultures affect local elites and communities during the consolidation of local democracy in nagari in West Sumatra. A post-positivist explorative method is applied as a tool to dissect and analyze problems with the aims to yield solid, conceptual, and varied findings and data analysis. Analysis and discussion are directed to two findings: first, traditional and modern nagari government institutions; second, consolidation process of nagari institutions in West Sumatra. Overall, the analysis and discussion of the political and governance system of traditional and modern nagari become an interesting object study to thoroughly examine the local democracy consolidation journey occurring in West Sumatra.
{"title":"Reversing Democracy: Examining the Nagari Institution in West Sumatra, Indonesia","authors":"T. Valentina, R. Putera, Ira Irawati","doi":"10.20476/JBB.V26I1.10084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20476/JBB.V26I1.10084","url":null,"abstract":"Democracy consolidation is a process that reduces the possibility of reversing democratization, for the process is featured by negotiations among actors that wants to \"promote\" the new system or \"rules of the game\" rather than to damage the old system, and everything is reflected in the process of returning to the nagari in West Sumatra, Indonesia. There is an anomaly of power when the nature of state authority finally raises a \"drama\" of a political system directly applied to local nagari institutions. The renewal of nagari from previously imposed uniformity under the Village Government Law 5/1979 cannot be analyzed merely as an issue of autonomy and governance. It must be understood within regulative, normative, and cultural orders that shape institutions and their actors. This study adopts a sociological and historical analysis of neo-institutionalism to examine the political dynamics of nagari. The key problem discussed in this article is how institutional structures, rules, norms, and cultures affect local elites and communities during the consolidation of local democracy in nagari in West Sumatra. A post-positivist explorative method is applied as a tool to dissect and analyze problems with the aims to yield solid, conceptual, and varied findings and data analysis. Analysis and discussion are directed to two findings: first, traditional and modern nagari government institutions; second, consolidation process of nagari institutions in West Sumatra. Overall, the analysis and discussion of the political and governance system of traditional and modern nagari become an interesting object study to thoroughly examine the local democracy consolidation journey occurring in West Sumatra.","PeriodicalId":8986,"journal":{"name":"Bisnis & Birokrasi Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88911483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Suharto, H. Botha, R. Haryanti, R. Wahyunengseh
Watu Ata natural reserve is a natural reserve located in Ngada of Nusa Tenggara Timur Province. Watu Ata natural reserve was established based on Ministry of Forestry’s Decree Number 432/Kpts-II/92. The policy impacts negatively on community marginalization, particularly the elimination of people from their previous cultivated land. This research aimed to analyze the community marginalization occurring as a result of the policy establishing Watu Ata forest area to be conservation area functioning as natural reserve. This research was conducted in two villages namely Inelika Village and Heawea Village. The research method employed was qualitative one with descriptive approach. The type of data used is primary and secondary data. Sampling technique employed was purposive sampling one. Techniques of collecting data used were interview, observation, and documentation. Technique of analyzing data used Miles and Huberman’s data analysis technique (data reduction, data presentation, conclusion drawing and verification). The result of research showed that: 1) the form of marginalization the people felt surrounding Watu Ata natural reserve area was social exclusion from cultivated land. Social exclusion from cultivated land encountered by the people in Heawea and Inelika Villages impacts on other exclusion forms. 2) the attempt the people had taken to deal with marginalization was to establish an organization called PERMATA (Perhimpunan Masyarakat Watu Ata or Watu Ata People Association). The objective of getting fair distribution of forest resource and property certainty has not been achieved yet until today. In democratic governance era, government policy is ideally a dialogical product, government with community.
瓦图阿塔自然保护区是位于努沙登加拉帖木儿省恩嘎达的一个自然保护区。Watu Ata自然保护区是根据林业部第432/Kpts-II/92号法令建立的。该政策对社区边缘化产生了负面影响，特别是将人们从他们以前的耕地中消除。本研究旨在分析瓦图阿塔森林保护区作为自然保护区的政策所导致的社区边缘化。本研究在Inelika村和Heawea村两个村进行。研究方法采用定性描述法。使用的数据类型为主要数据和次要数据。采用有目的抽样技术。收集资料的方法为访谈、观察和文献。数据分析技术采用了Miles和Huberman的数据分析技术(数据简化、数据呈现、得出结论和验证)。研究结果表明:1)瓦图阿塔自然保护区周边人群感受到的边缘化形式为社会对耕地的排斥。Heawea村和Inelika村的人们所遭遇的耕地社会排斥对其他排斥形式产生了影响。2)人们试图解决边缘化问题的方法是建立一个名为PERMATA的组织(Perhimpunan Masyarakat Watu Ata或Watu Ata人民协会)。直到今天，森林资源公平分配和产权确定性的目标还没有实现。在民主治理时代，政府政策是理想的政府与社会对话的产物。
{"title":"Community Marginalization as the Effect of Public Policy in Democratic Governance Era","authors":"D. Suharto, H. Botha, R. Haryanti, R. Wahyunengseh","doi":"10.20476/jbb.v25i3.9967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20476/jbb.v25i3.9967","url":null,"abstract":"Watu Ata natural reserve is a natural reserve located in Ngada of Nusa Tenggara Timur Province. Watu Ata natural reserve was established based on Ministry of Forestry’s Decree Number 432/Kpts-II/92. The policy impacts negatively on community marginalization, particularly the elimination of people from their previous cultivated land. This research aimed to analyze the community marginalization occurring as a result of the policy establishing Watu Ata forest area to be conservation area functioning as natural reserve. This research was conducted in two villages namely Inelika Village and Heawea Village. The research method employed was qualitative one with descriptive approach. The type of data used is primary and secondary data. Sampling technique employed was purposive sampling one. Techniques of collecting data used were interview, observation, and documentation. Technique of analyzing data used Miles and Huberman’s data analysis technique (data reduction, data presentation, conclusion drawing and verification). The result of research showed that: 1) the form of marginalization the people felt surrounding Watu Ata natural reserve area was social exclusion from cultivated land. Social exclusion from cultivated land encountered by the people in Heawea and Inelika Villages impacts on other exclusion forms. 2) the attempt the people had taken to deal with marginalization was to establish an organization called PERMATA (Perhimpunan Masyarakat Watu Ata or Watu Ata People Association). The objective of getting fair distribution of forest resource and property certainty has not been achieved yet until today. In democratic governance era, government policy is ideally a dialogical product, government with community.","PeriodicalId":8986,"journal":{"name":"Bisnis & Birokrasi Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77174153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this study is to analyze the policy implementation of the increase in the effective rate of Value Added Tax (VAT) on tobacco from 8.7% to 9.1%. This study applies a qualitative with descriptive approach and data collection techniques of research in the literature and in-depth interviews. The findings show that the policy implementation on the increase in effective rate of VAT on tobacco from 8.7% to 9.1% with the enactment of the Regulation of the Minister of Finance No. 207/PMK.010/2016 has not been in accordance with the formulated objectives of the policy, namely, to minimize the negative externalities of cigarette consumption. This policy of the increase in the effective rate affects state revenues, however, the government's attention to minimize the negative externalities of high cigarette consumption through the policy is considered less accurate considering the cigarette control instruments commonly used in various countries is the excise tax. Cigarette consumption has constantly increased and its negative externalities cannot be minimized by the policies on state levies issued by the government, one of which is the policy on the increase in the effective rate of VAT on tobacco products. The increase in rate may not necessarily be a sustainable source of state revenue or a political instrument to reduce the negative impact of cigarette use in the society. In fact, the number of cigarette users still increases even following the rise of cigarettes prices due to insignificant increase in VAT and the excise rates.
{"title":"Encountering the Policy Dilemma of the Effective Rate of the Value Added Tax on Tobacco Products","authors":"Murwendah Murwendah, Griselda Mariana Malau","doi":"10.20476/jbb.v25i3.9965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20476/jbb.v25i3.9965","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to analyze the policy implementation of the increase in the effective rate of Value Added Tax (VAT) on tobacco from 8.7% to 9.1%. This study applies a qualitative with descriptive approach and data collection techniques of research in the literature and in-depth interviews. The findings show that the policy implementation on the increase in effective rate of VAT on tobacco from 8.7% to 9.1% with the enactment of the Regulation of the Minister of Finance No. 207/PMK.010/2016 has not been in accordance with the formulated objectives of the policy, namely, to minimize the negative externalities of cigarette consumption. This policy of the increase in the effective rate affects state revenues, however, the government's attention to minimize the negative externalities of high cigarette consumption through the policy is considered less accurate considering the cigarette control instruments commonly used in various countries is the excise tax. Cigarette consumption has constantly increased and its negative externalities cannot be minimized by the policies on state levies issued by the government, one of which is the policy on the increase in the effective rate of VAT on tobacco products. The increase in rate may not necessarily be a sustainable source of state revenue or a political instrument to reduce the negative impact of cigarette use in the society. In fact, the number of cigarette users still increases even following the rise of cigarettes prices due to insignificant increase in VAT and the excise rates.","PeriodicalId":8986,"journal":{"name":"Bisnis & Birokrasi Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87305545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shinta Dewi Sugiharti Tikson, Nurdjanah Hamid, Ria Mardiana
This research analyzes the effect of PT. Citibank Indonesia employer branding with organizational attractiveness. The organizational attractiveness that is studied in this paper are divided into two category, such as instrumental attribute and symbolic attribute. These attributes are tested further by examining the workforces’ gender and level of education. Research data is obtained through surveys, literature study, and observation. To test the hypothesis, this study uses bivariate chi square and descriptive quantitative method. Samples consist of 94 workforces which are students from three universities (Universitas Hasanuddin, Universitas Negeri Makassar, and Universitas Muslim Indonesia) in Makassar, South Sulawesi. Research shows that PT. Citibank Indonesia employer branding which consists of two organizational attractiveness (instrumental attribute and symbolic attribute) have a significant effect to attract workforce in Makassar (by gender and level of education).
{"title":"Employer Branding as a Strategy to Attract Potential Workforce","authors":"Shinta Dewi Sugiharti Tikson, Nurdjanah Hamid, Ria Mardiana","doi":"10.20476/JBB.V25I3.9968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20476/JBB.V25I3.9968","url":null,"abstract":"This research analyzes the effect of PT. Citibank Indonesia employer branding with organizational attractiveness. The organizational attractiveness that is studied in this paper are divided into two category, such as instrumental attribute and symbolic attribute. These attributes are tested further by examining the workforces’ gender and level of education. Research data is obtained through surveys, literature study, and observation. To test the hypothesis, this study uses bivariate chi square and descriptive quantitative method. Samples consist of 94 workforces which are students from three universities (Universitas Hasanuddin, Universitas Negeri Makassar, and Universitas Muslim Indonesia) in Makassar, South Sulawesi. Research shows that PT. Citibank Indonesia employer branding which consists of two organizational attractiveness (instrumental attribute and symbolic attribute) have a significant effect to attract workforce in Makassar (by gender and level of education).","PeriodicalId":8986,"journal":{"name":"Bisnis & Birokrasi Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82260124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The utilization of peatland is one of the important issues in Indonesian political economy. One of the pros and cons regarding the argument of peatland management is the problem of ecology, which refers to the involvement of actors in its policy formulation and implementation. Research found that extensive degradation of Indonesia peatlands by deforestation, drainage and recurrent fires causes the release of huge amounts of peat soil carbon into the atmosphere. This article aims to answer two research questions. First is related to problems arise from the management of peatland based on ecological, economic, and socialcultural perspective. Second is related to the interests of actors in the management of peatland in Indonesia. As a result, there are several numbers of problems that appeared, due to the lack of understanding peatland management, such as environmental damage, labor exploitation, policy ambiguity. There are paradoxes in government policies pertaining to peatland management, as its implementation bears massive impact on the industry which consequently influences the production process. Furthermore, numerous actors also involved in this issue and policy accommodating the interests of each actor is a necessity.
{"title":"Coping with Policy Paradoxes and Actor Interests in Peatland and Oil Palm Management in Indonesia","authors":"E. A. Purwanto","doi":"10.20476/JBB.V25I3.9966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20476/JBB.V25I3.9966","url":null,"abstract":"The utilization of peatland is one of the important issues in Indonesian political economy. One of the pros and cons regarding the argument of peatland management is the problem of ecology, which refers to the involvement of actors in its policy formulation and implementation. Research found that extensive degradation of Indonesia peatlands by deforestation, drainage and recurrent fires causes the release of huge amounts of peat soil carbon into the atmosphere. This article aims to answer two research questions. First is related to problems arise from the management of peatland based on ecological, economic, and socialcultural perspective. Second is related to the interests of actors in the management of peatland in Indonesia. As a result, there are several numbers of problems that appeared, due to the lack of understanding peatland management, such as environmental damage, labor exploitation, policy ambiguity. There are paradoxes in government policies pertaining to peatland management, as its implementation bears massive impact on the industry which consequently influences the production process. Furthermore, numerous actors also involved in this issue and policy accommodating the interests of each actor is a necessity.","PeriodicalId":8986,"journal":{"name":"Bisnis & Birokrasi Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74168210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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