《境内外动物保护:治外法权与全球化的挑战》作者:Charlotte E. Blattner

J. Marceau
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摘要

为了摆脱先前在人文主义学术中统治的神化的人类中心主义。然而,其他人却没有这样的尝试。例如,在《作为食物的动物》的第二部分中,一篇关于当代中国牛奶生产和消费的文章,虽然警惕了对消费者健康危害的问题,但却没有从现代集约化农业制度下奶牛的角度考虑这个问题。此外,对日本金枪鱼捕鱼业的出色研究,以及对知识经济与帝国政治之间关系的深刻讨论,也忽略了对金枪鱼命运的任何讨论,无论是作为一个包含15种生物的集体,还是作为一个具有具体经验的动物。人们确实会思考,这些文章是更适合写一本关于食物文化史的书,还是更适合写一本关于知识生产、经济和政治的交织历史的书,后者通常将人类利益置于研究的中心。从整体上看,这是一本令人印象深刻的书,它将我们的注意力引向了迄今为止尚未被充分研究的亚洲动物研究领域。《漫长的时间跨度》以其跨学科和跨区域的方法,最有力地展示了亚洲的过去,如果没有动物在各个层面的参与,从日常生活到文化价值观的形成,信仰体系的构建,民族认同的建立,甚至政权的兴衰,就不可能是同样的。学者和学生有兴趣用一个更包容的“我们”来扩展我们对世界的理解的前沿,他们应该找到大量有趣的主题来进行进一步的研究。最后,本书还为所有致力于动物研究的学者提供了一个合适的机会,让他们考虑这个领域所面临的严峻挑战,这个挑战伴随着它日益增长的声望和迅速的扩张而出现:它是否应该以我们以前以人类为中心的世界概念的不稳定为导向?或者不应该像这个体量那样设置这样的边界?这本书的广度和局限性让人思考这个问题。
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Protecting Animals Within and Across Borders: Extraterritorial Jurisdiction and the Challenges of Globalization by Charlotte E. Blattner (review)
order to cast off the deified anthropocentrism previously ruled in humanist scholarship. However, others have made no such attempt. For example, in Part II of “Animals as Food,” an essay on the production and consumption of milk in contemporary China, albeit alert to the issue of health hazards to consumers, omits any consideration of the subject from the dairy cows’ perspective under the modern intensive farming system. Moreover, otherwise superb research on the tuna-fishing industry in Japan, with its insightful discussion of the nexus between knowledge economies and imperial politics, too passes over any discussion of the fate of the tuna, whether collectively as a group of living organisms containing 15 species or individually as animals with an embodied experience. One does ponder whether these essays would fit better in a volume on the cultural history of food or on the entwining history of knowledge production, economics, and politics, which conventionally position human interests at the center of research. Taken as a whole, this is an impressive volume that directs our attention to the hitherto understudied world of Asia in animal studies. The long durée, with its interdisciplinary and interregional approach, also most powerfully presents a past in Asia that could not have been the same without the participation of animals at every level, from everyday life to the shaping of cultural values, the construction of belief systems, the building of a national identity, and even the rise and fall of regimes. Scholars and students interested in expanding the frontier of our understanding of the world with a more inclusive “we” should find a wealth of interesting subjects on which to build further research. Finally, the volume also presents a fitting occasion for all scholars committed to animal studies to consider the grave challenge confronting the field that arose alongside its growing respectability and rapid expansion: Should it be oriented toward the destabilization of our previously anthropocentric conception of the world? Or should no such perimeter be imposed, as in this volume? The overall breadth and limitations of this volume leave one pondering this issue.
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