入侵的浅水有孔虫对当地生物多样性的影响主要在密度超过20%时:以科孚岛为例

IF 2.3 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY Web Ecology Pub Date : 2023-07-14 DOI:10.5194/we-23-71-2023
A. Weinmann, O. Koukousioura, M. Triantaphyllou, M. Langer
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引用次数: 1

摘要

摘要科孚岛(希腊)位于爱奥尼亚海北部,展示了独特而多样的海洋沿岸栖息地,适合高多样性的组合,如浅水有孔虫。该岛也靠近入侵物种两栖stegina lobifera的当前范围扩张前沿。我们分析了岛上25个地点51个样品的有孔虫组合,计算了有孔虫组合的多样性指数,并分析了有孔虫组合的群落结构与当地环境变量的关系。此外,利用空间结构或相对丰度评价了大叶拟南草对全底栖有孔虫和生境特定类群物种丰富度的影响。科孚岛共发现底栖有孔虫200种,物种丰富度和其他多样性指数均表明科孚岛是一个生物多样性较高的地区。组合组成的主要生态驱动因素是水深、沉积物质地和生境(特别是植被),形成了3个主要组合群:(1)南部和西部的砂质或岩质浅水区;(2)西部较深地区;(3)从岛的西北部和东北部开始的不同深度的岩石,植被区域。我们的分析表明,当入侵物种占总丰度的10% - 20%以上时,这种影响就会变得明显。我们还观察到与无梗附生植物和较小的千分体的显著负相关。这两个种群都与大叶拟南蝽有相似的微栖息地,并可能在竞争中处于劣势,这可能是由于持续的海洋变暖而进一步促进的。然而,其他温暖附属的分类群(如其他共生物种)最初表现出与大叶拟南蝽增加的正相关,直到后者超过20%。我们预计,大叶虫和其他暖适应物种将在塑造该地区未来的生物多样性和组合组成方面发挥越来越大的作用,这一特征支持地中海的预测热带化。
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Invasive shallow-water foraminifera impacts local biodiversity mostly at densities above 20 %: the case of Corfu Island
Abstract. Corfu Island (Greece) is located in the northern Ionian Sea and exhibits unique and diverse marine coastal habitats suitable for high-diversity assemblages such as shallow-water foraminifera. The island also lies near the current range expansion front of the invasive species Amphistegina lobifera. We analyzed the foraminiferal assemblages of 51 samples from 25 sites around the island, calculated diversity indices, and analyzed the community structures of foraminiferal assemblages in comparison to local environmental variables. In addition to that, using the spatial structure or relative abundances, we evaluated the effect of A. lobifera on the species richness of all benthic foraminifera and habitat-specific groups. With 200 benthic foraminiferal species found, the high species richness and other diversity indices indicate Corfu as an area of high diversity. The main ecological drivers for the assemblage compositions were water depth, sediment texture, and habitat (especially vegetation), resulting in three main assemblage clusters around the island: (1) sandy or rocky, shallow-water areas from the south and west; (2) deeper areas from the west; and (3) rocky, vegetated areas of variable depths from the northwest and northeastern parts of the island. Our analyses suggest that the invasive species A. lobifera affects local diversity of the foraminiferal assemblage and that these effects become apparent when the invasive species accounts for more than 10 %–20 % of the total abundance. We also observed significant negative correlations with sessile epiphytes and smaller miliolids. Both groups share similar microhabitats with A. lobifera and might be outcompeted, which is probably further facilitated by ongoing ocean warming. However, other warm-affiliated taxa (e.g., other symbiont-bearing species) initially show a positive correlation with the increasing presence of A. lobifera until the latter exceeds 20 %. We expect that A. lobifera and other warm-adapted species will play an increasing role in shaping future biodiversity and assemblage composition in this area, a feature that supports the prognosed tropicalization of the Mediterranean Sea.
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来源期刊
Web Ecology
Web Ecology Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
6
审稿时长
17 weeks
期刊介绍: Web Ecology (WE) is an open-access journal issued by the European Ecological Federation (EEF) representing the ecological societies within Europe and associated members. Its special value is to serve as a publication forum for national ecological societies that do not maintain their own society journal. Web Ecology publishes papers from all fields of ecology without any geographic restriction. It is a forum to communicate results of experimental, theoretical, and descriptive studies of general interest to an international audience. Original contributions, short communications, and reviews on ecological research on all kinds of organisms and ecosystems are welcome as well as papers that express emerging ideas and concepts with a sound scientific background.
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