E2-NVM: A Memory-Aware Write Scheme to Improve Energy Efficiency and Write Endurance of NVMs using Variational Autoencoders

We introduce E2-NVM , a software-level memory-aware storage layer to improve the Energy efficiency and write Endurance (E2) of NVMs. E2-NVM employs a Variational Autoencoder (VAE) based design to direct the write operations judiciously to the memory segments that minimize bit flips. E2-NVM can be augmented with existing indexing solutions. E2-NVM can also be combined with prior hardware-based solutions to further improve efficiency. We performed real evaluations on an Optane memory device that show that E2-NVM can achieve up to 56% reduction in energy consumption.