黑土“免耕”技术中的氢模式

S. Bulygin, S. Vitvitskyy, M. E. Bulygina, O. I. Vitvitska
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引用次数: 0

摘要

乌克兰草原区普通黑钙土栽培不同技术对玉米、冬小麦生产水分储量的影响研究确定了相对于架耕“免耕”大田作物生产水分参数。插入。“免耕”系统有助于显著减少因非生产性蒸发而造成的水分损失,同时吸收降水的速度也很高,为土壤免受侵蚀提供了可靠的保护。玉米下夏季近100%覆盖时,根层生产水分储量比传统技术提高1.5倍以上;在没有覆盖物的情况下,无耕作技术的加湿制度比传统的更强烈。“零”技术对冬小麦青贮玉米土壤水分状况的影响较好,但在平均3年内各方案间无显著差异。在无雪的冬季,采用覆盖“零”技术,积雪高度比传统技术高3.2倍。研究发现,在水分不足的地区种植无需耕作的作物的先决条件是,由于作物产量的非商品份额,它们以粉碎的形式留在土壤表面,因此形成一层厚厚的覆盖物。100%或接近这一水平的投影覆盖是在干旱草原条件下广泛引进免耕栽培技术的关键。
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Hydrogen mode of black earth normal in tekhnology "No-till"
Studies of the influence of different technologies of ordinary chernozem cultivation on the reserves of productive moisture for growing corn for grain and winter wheat in the steppe zone of Ukraine The parameters of productive moisture at the technology of growing field crops with "zero tillage" of the soil ("No-till") relative to the shelf plowing are determined. Inserted. That the system "No-till" contributes to a significant reduction in moisture loss due to unproductive evaporation at a high rate of absorption of precipitation, provides reliable protection of soil from erosion. When covering the soil surface close to 100% in summer under corn, the reserves of productive moisture in the root layer are 1.5 and more times higher than the corresponding reserves with traditional technology; in the absence of mulch, the humidification regime with the technology without tillage is more intense than traditional. The regime of soil moisture under winter wheat for corn for silage is better by "zero" technology, but no significant difference between the options for an average of 3 years. In the snowless winter with "zero" technology with mulch, the height of snow cover was 3.2 times higher than traditional technology. It was found that a prerequisite for growing crops without tillage in the area of insufficient moisture is the creation of a thick layer of mulch due to the non-commodity share of crop yields, which in crushed form remains on the soil surface. Projective mulch coverage of 100% or close to this level is the key to the widespread introduction of cultivation technologies without tillage in arid steppe conditions.
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