Personalized Nanotheranotics for Cancer

According to a cancer statics report, more than 14 million new cancer cases and 8.2 million deaths were reported worldwide in 2012 [1]. Cancer remains a complex and difficult-to-treat disease with heterogeneity of tumor makes it more challenging for chemotherapeutic intervention. Heterogeneity of tumor includes differences among cancer patients of same type and within a same type of tumor. Traditional cancer treatment with “One treatment fits all” or “one dose fits all” philosophy provides lack of specificity to tumor, limited or no therapeutic effects, drug resistance, disease relapse, and severe adverse effects.