氯化汞和多氯联苯对斑马鱼血液学方面的毒性表现

V. Vijayalakshmi, S. Krishnaveni, G. Madhuramozhi
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摘要

目的:探讨氯化汞(HgCl 2)和多氯联苯(PCB)等主要水生污染物对淡水鱼斑马鱼的急性毒性及其血液学影响。方法:斑马鱼(Danio rerio)暴露于逐渐浓度的HgCl 2和多氯联苯。鱼被暴露在5、10、20、30、40、50和60µg/L不同浓度的汞和多氯联苯中长达两周。血液学测试(红细胞总数、白细胞计数和血红蛋白浓度)对每个浓度进行,并进行为期2周的对照。结果:观察到,暴露时间为0、7和14天,总红细胞(RBC)、白细胞(WBC)、血红蛋白(Hb)值下降。暴露于亚致死剂量的汞和多氯联苯1、7和14天的暴露期导致显著(数值以平均值±标准差表示)。与对照组相比,组间差异有统计学意义(*p <0.01, **p <0.05),总RBC、WBC和血红蛋白计数与对照组相比,时间和剂量依赖性增高。结论:血液学参数是判断中毒生物体健康与否的重要方法之一。这证明了造血系统的生理功能障碍。Hgcl - 2是一种重金属,可引起人体和胃肠道紊乱、贫血、厌食症、体重减轻、肾脏慢性炎症等症状。据报道,动物接触多氯联苯会出现消瘦综合征、体重减轻、免疫毒性、维生素A缺乏症和甲状腺激素缺乏症,对后代的生殖影响,如出生体重减轻、性腺发育异常。它还会影响中枢神经系统,导致学习和记忆减退,还会导致其他行为变化。因此,毒性生物测定法是检测、评价和治理水污染的基本手段
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Toxic manifestations of mercuric chloride and polychlorinated biphenyls on the haematological aspects of Danio rerio
Objective s: To explore the acute toxicity of major aquatic pollutants like mercuric chloride (HgCl 2 ) and polychlorinated by phenyls (PCB) and their effects based on the haematology of fresh water fish Danio rerio (Zebra fish). Methods : Zebra fish ( Danio rerio ) were exposed to progressive concentrations of HgCl 2 and PCB. The fishes were exposed to various concentrations of 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 µg/L of mercury and PCB for a period up to two weeks. Haematological tests (total RBC, WBC count and haemoglobin concentration) were carried out on each concentration as well as control for a period of 2 weeks. Results : It was observed that, in exposure time from 0, 7 and 14 days, the total erythrocyte (RBC), leucocytes (WBC) haemoglobin (Hb) values decreased. The exposure to sub lethal doses of Mercury and PCB for 1, 7 and 14 days exposure period causes significant(Values are  expressed as means ± SD. Significant difference between groups were  compared to control, *p <0.01, **p <0.05) time and dose dependent alterations in total RBC, WBC and haemoglobin count compared to the control values. Conclusions : Haematological parameters constitute one of the important methods to access the health or ill health of an organism, subjected to intoxication. This demonstrates the physiological dysfunction of the haemopoietic system. Hgcl 2 is a heavy metal that causes symptoms in human like and gastrointestinal disturbances, anaemia, anorexia, loss of weight, chronic inflammations of kidneys. PCB exposure in animals has been reported to develop Wasting syndrome, reduced body weight, immune toxicity, vitamin A deficiency, and thyroid hormone deficiency, reproductive effects in offspring like reduced birth weight, abnormal gonad development. It also affect the central nervous system which results in slowed learning and memory loss, and also responsible for other behavioural changes. Thus toxicity bioassay is the basic tool for the detection, evaluation and abatement of water pollution
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