{"title":"儿童与战争:流弹!","authors":"Anete Abramowicz","doi":"10.12957/childphilo.2020.48358","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"This essay seeks to answer the questions of which children in the contemporary world have been targeted and killed \"unintentionally”or \"at random\" by the Brazilian State. In order to understand the place of children in this “war” we rely on the work, among others, of Achille Mbembe, Maurizio Lazzarato and Peter Pál Pelbart. Our text is structured in six sections. First, we take up the concepts of biopolitics, biopower and necropolitics , in an attempt to specify the type of governmental power that is exercised nowadays. Biopower is understood, not only as a military or political concept, but also in relation to a “biological” war (Lazzarato, 2016) against blacks, against certain sexualities, against some women and against some children. We than show how the construction of the universal idea of “child” excludes children who do not belong to this representation, which is, in general, disseminated as being the only image of a child. This diffusion of a single, universal notion of “child” is made through countless discursive and audiovisual imagery, and excludes black children and all those who diverge from or “flee” the hegemonic way of representing, thinking and writing about what a child is. Finally, we verify that the dead children are black and poor and we demonstrate the importance of children's political participation in social life.","PeriodicalId":42107,"journal":{"name":"Childhood and Philosophy","volume":"46 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3000,"publicationDate":"2020-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"4","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"crianças e guerra: as balas perdidas!\",\"authors\":\"Anete Abramowicz\",\"doi\":\"10.12957/childphilo.2020.48358\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"This essay seeks to answer the questions of which children in the contemporary world have been targeted and killed \\\"unintentionally”or \\\"at random\\\" by the Brazilian State. In order to understand the place of children in this “war” we rely on the work, among others, of Achille Mbembe, Maurizio Lazzarato and Peter Pál Pelbart. Our text is structured in six sections. First, we take up the concepts of biopolitics, biopower and necropolitics , in an attempt to specify the type of governmental power that is exercised nowadays. Biopower is understood, not only as a military or political concept, but also in relation to a “biological” war (Lazzarato, 2016) against blacks, against certain sexualities, against some women and against some children. We than show how the construction of the universal idea of “child” excludes children who do not belong to this representation, which is, in general, disseminated as being the only image of a child. This diffusion of a single, universal notion of “child” is made through countless discursive and audiovisual imagery, and excludes black children and all those who diverge from or “flee” the hegemonic way of representing, thinking and writing about what a child is. Finally, we verify that the dead children are black and poor and we demonstrate the importance of children's political participation in social life.\",\"PeriodicalId\":42107,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Childhood and Philosophy\",\"volume\":\"46 6 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2020-07-11\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"4\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Childhood and Philosophy\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.12957/childphilo.2020.48358\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Childhood and Philosophy","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.12957/childphilo.2020.48358","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
摘要
本文试图回答下述问题:在当代世界,哪些儿童成为巴西国家“无意”或“随意”杀害的目标。为了了解儿童在这场“战争”中的地位,我们依靠Achille Mbembe、Maurizio Lazzarato和Peter Pál Pelbart等人的工作。我们的课文分为六个部分。首先,我们采用了生命政治、生命权力和死亡政治的概念,试图明确当今行使的政府权力的类型。生物权力不仅被理解为一个军事或政治概念,而且与针对黑人,针对某些性行为,针对一些妇女和一些儿童的“生物”战争(Lazzarato, 2016)有关。然后,我们将展示“儿童”这一普遍概念的建构是如何排除那些不属于这种表象的儿童的,这种表象通常被作为儿童的唯一形象传播开来。这种单一的、普遍的“儿童”概念的传播是通过无数的话语和视听意象来实现的,它排除了黑人儿童和所有那些偏离或“逃离”代表、思考和写作儿童是什么的霸权方式的人。最后,我们证实了死亡的儿童是黑人和穷人,我们证明了儿童在社会生活中的政治参与的重要性。
This essay seeks to answer the questions of which children in the contemporary world have been targeted and killed "unintentionally”or "at random" by the Brazilian State. In order to understand the place of children in this “war” we rely on the work, among others, of Achille Mbembe, Maurizio Lazzarato and Peter Pál Pelbart. Our text is structured in six sections. First, we take up the concepts of biopolitics, biopower and necropolitics , in an attempt to specify the type of governmental power that is exercised nowadays. Biopower is understood, not only as a military or political concept, but also in relation to a “biological” war (Lazzarato, 2016) against blacks, against certain sexualities, against some women and against some children. We than show how the construction of the universal idea of “child” excludes children who do not belong to this representation, which is, in general, disseminated as being the only image of a child. This diffusion of a single, universal notion of “child” is made through countless discursive and audiovisual imagery, and excludes black children and all those who diverge from or “flee” the hegemonic way of representing, thinking and writing about what a child is. Finally, we verify that the dead children are black and poor and we demonstrate the importance of children's political participation in social life.