波兰北部波美拉尼亚中部上游河谷的流体物质形成土壤的过程和性质:以Kamienna河为例

IF 1.4 Q4 SOIL SCIENCE Soil Science Annual Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI:10.37501/soilsa/156044
J. Jonczak, A. Parzych, Krzysztof Sztabkowski
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引用次数: 1

摘要

本研究旨在表征Kamienna溪流山谷中冲积沉积物形成的土壤形成过程和某些土壤特性,Kamienna溪流代表了波兰北部中波美拉尼亚冰川和径流冰川沉积物中深切的源头溪流山谷。沿河流分布的7个土壤剖面采用标准程序进行了描述、取样和分析。土壤母质呈层状分化,在某些层位表现为砂质结构,并掺有大量砾石。结构测量表明它们是在高度动态的生物环境中积累的。土壤表现出广泛的空间异质性,突出了局地尺度因子在其形成中的重要性。土壤有机质(SOM)的积累和地下水的剥蚀作用是主要的土壤形成过程,并在土壤参考类群中得到了体现,分别为:富营养化土壤(Eutric Gleyic Fluvisols)、富营养化土壤(Fluvic Gleyic Mollic Umbrisols)、富营养化土壤(Fluvic Gleyic Phaeozems)和富营养化土壤(Fluvic Phaeozems)。土壤具有A层深、SOM含量高的特点。这些层位的地层划分可以表明这一成分的部分异域起源,河流上游和中游的源头沼泽可能是其来源。此外,土壤富含氮,但总磷、钾、钙、镁、铁和铝含量较低。土壤中游离铁氧化物的贡献普遍较低,表明风化程度较差,而非晶态铁的优势可能是高水分和SOM含量的影响。土壤的阳离子交换能力也随土壤有机质和粘土含量的变化而变化。土壤一般是酸性的,pH值在5.0-7.0之间波动,在大多数情况下,尽管在吸附络合物中酸性离子对碱性离子的优势并不明显。
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Soil-forming processes and properties of soils developed from fluvic materials in the headwater river valleys of Middle Pomerania, north Poland: A case study of the Kamienna stream
This study was aimed at characterizing the soil-forming processes and certain properties of soils that have developed from alluvial sediments in the valley of the Kamienna stream, which represents a headwater stream valley deeply incised into the glacial and fl uvioglacial deposits of Middle Pomerania, north Poland. Seven soil pro fi les distributed, along the stream, were described, sam-pled, and analyzed using standard procedures. The parent materials of the soils showed strati fi cation and were characterized by a sandy texture with considerable admixtures of gravel in some horizons. A textural measures indicated their accumulation in a highly dynamic fl uvial environment. The soils showed broad spatial heterogeneity, highlighting the importance of local-scale factors in their formation. The accumulation of soil organic matter (SOM) and gleying from groundwater were identi fi ed as major soil-forming processes, which was re fl ected in soil reference groups dis-tinguished – Eutric Gleyic Fluvisols, Fluvic Gleyic Mollic Umbrisols, Fluvic Gleyic Phaeozems, and Fluvic Phaeozems. The soils were characterized by deep A horizons and high SOM contents. The strati fi cation of these horizons can indicate the partially allochthonous origin of this component, with the headwater bogs in the upper and middle courses of the stream potentially its source. Additionally, the soils were rich in nitrogen, but poor in total P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, and Al. The generally low contribution of free Fe oxides to the soils indicated poorly advanced weathering, whereas the predominance of amorphous forms of Fe over crystalline could be the effect of high moisture and the SOM content. The soils were also characterized by a low cation exchange capacity, that varied depending on the SOM and clay contents. The soils were generally acidic, with pH values fl uctuating around 5.0–7.0, in most cases, although the predominance of acidic over basic ions was not appar-ent in the sorption complex.
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来源期刊
Soil Science Annual
Soil Science Annual SOIL SCIENCE-
CiteScore
2.50
自引率
6.70%
发文量
0
审稿时长
29 weeks
期刊介绍: Soil Science Annual journal is a continuation of the “Roczniki Gleboznawcze” – the journal of the Polish Society of Soil Science first published in 1950. Soil Science Annual is a quarterly devoted to a broad spectrum of issues relating to the soil environment. From 2012, the journal is published in the open access system by the Sciendo (De Gruyter).
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