Coverage and Energy Efficiency Analysis of Wireless Sensor Networks for Internet of Things

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have attracted a lot of attention in recent years because they have a vital role in Internet of Things (IoT). In WSNs, it is often very important to maintain the desired amount of coverage with the least energy consumption. In this paper, the coverage and energy efficiency of randomly deployed wireless sensor networks are investigated. We use stochastic geometry to analyze the probability of coverage considering fading and random location of the nodes. Furthermore, It is shown that the probability of coverage without fading is a special case of the probability of coverage with fading. In addition, we define and analyze energy efficiency as the ratio of coverage to average energy consumption. This is a new definition of energy efficiency that seeks to determine the coverage level acquired per unit energy consumption. The simulation results in terms of coverage and energy efficiency are presented for randomly located nodes with and without fading. For maximum energy efficiency, the optimal sensing radius of the sensors are determined with the help of simulation results.