农业景观道路沿线非森林木本植被的物种组成与多样性

A. Tóth, Gabriel Kuczman, L. Feriancová
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引用次数: 9

摘要

非森林木本植被是农业景观中绿色基础设施的重要组成部分,天然林和半天然林的土地利用比例较低。本文重点研究了斯洛伐克尼特拉地区农业景观中沿道路的线性木本植被结构,并对三个研究区进行了分析。我们根据相对可达到的年龄和起源来评估物种组成和多样性、物种出现频率或空间分布、结构。为了对发生频率进行评价,提出并应用了频率因子。这一因素可以更好地比较不同的研究领域,并得出更具代表性的结果。根据视觉景观特征将研究区域划分为区域,这些区域在现场容易识别,例如道路的交叉点和曲线,以及道路的交叉点具有其他特征,例如地籍或土地边界,水道等。根据物种丰富度,木本植物可分为优势种、互补种和混种;根据它们的起源分为1)本土和2)异域。此外,树木被分为1)长寿、2)中年和3)短寿树种。主要发现是在乔木中,以外来种为主。刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia L.)是三个研究区的优势树种。其发生频率是其他优势树种的4倍。引进树种在互补种和混合种中也占主导地位。灌丛中以本地种为主,非本地种所占比例和空间分布明显较低。在此基础上,提出了提高生态稳定性、改善乡土木本植物种类比例和空间分布的措施。这些建议和措施旨在增强本地物种的生物多样性、景观特性和特征,以应对欧洲主要生物多样性和景观政策中确定的主要景观和生物多样性挑战。
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Species composition and diversity of non-forest woody vegetation along roads in the agricultural landscape
Abstract Non-forest woody vegetation represents an important component of green infrastructure in the agricultural landscape, where natural and semi-natural forest cover has only a low land use proportion. This paper focuses on linear woody vegetation structures along roads in the agricultural landscape and analyses them in three study areas in the Nitra Region, Slovakia. We evaluate species composition and diversity, species occurrence frequency or spatial distribution, their structure according to relatively achievable age and origin. For the evaluation of occurrence frequency, a Frequency Factor was proposed and applied. This factor allows a better comparison of different study areas and results in more representative findings. The study areas were divided into sectors based on visual landscape features, which are easily identifiable in the field, such as intersections and curves in roads, and intersections of roads with other features, such as cadastral or land boundaries, watercourses, etc. Based on the species abundance, woody plants present within the sectors were categorised into 1) predominant, 2) complementary and 3) mixed-in species; and with regard to their origin into 1) autochthonous and 2) allochthonous. Further, trees were categorised into 1) long-lived, 2) medium-lived and 3) short-lived tree species. The main finding is that among trees, mainly allochthonous species dominated. Robinia pseudoacacia L. was the predominant tree species in all three study areas. It was up to 4 times more frequent than other predominant tree species. Introduced tree species prevailed also among complementary and mixed-in species. Among shrubs, mainly native species dominated, while non-native species had a significantly lower proportion and spatial distribution. Based on these findings, several measures have been proposed to improve the overall ecological stability, the proportion and spatial distribution of native woody plant species. The recommendations and measures aim at enhancement of native species biodiversity, landscape identity and character, in order to meet the main landscape and biodiversity challenges identified in key biodiversity and landscape policies of Europe.
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来源期刊
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发文量
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审稿时长
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期刊介绍: Central European Forestry Journal (published as Lesnícky Èasopis - Forestry Journal until 2016) publishes novel science originating from research in forestry and related braches. Central European Forestry Journal is a professional peer-reviewed scientific journal published 4-time a year. The journal contains original papers and review papers of basic and applied research from all fields of forestry and related disciplines. The editorial office accepts the manuscripts within the focus of the journal exclusively in English language. The journal does not have article processing charges (APCs) nor article submission charges. Central European Forestry Journal, abbreviation: Cent. Eur. For. J., publishes original papers and review papers of basic and applied research from all fields of forestry and related scientific areas. The journal focuses on forestry issues relevant for Europe, primarily Central European regions. Original works and review papers can be submitted only in English language.
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