蒙古地学与矿业性别差异比较研究

IF 2.4 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Geosciences (Switzerland) Pub Date : 2023-08-29 DOI:10.3390/geosciences13090262
G. Ochir, Munkhtsengel Baatar, M. Sanjaa, Helen M. Williams
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引用次数: 0

摘要

蒙古妇女享有平等的权利,并积极参与国民经济的各个部门,包括矿产业和采矿业。蒙古科技大学(MUST)是蒙古最大的大学,在为蒙古工业培养工程师方面发挥着至关重要的作用。在MUST内部,地质与采矿工程学院(SGME)作为最大的学院之一脱颖而出,拥有136名员工的专业团队。令人印象深刻的是,这些工作人员中有92人是女性,占工作人员总数的67.65%。SGME董事会由12名成员组成,也显示出显著的性别多样性,其中5名成员是女性。这一比例为41.67%,突出了妇女在决策岗位上的地位。此外,值得注意的是,学院五个系之一的地质与水文地质系由一位能干的女性领导。然而,尽管女性在工作人员和领导角色中的代表性令人鼓舞,但SGME学生的入学率和毕业率存在明显差异。目前,这些比率仅约为20 - 24%,这表明需要进一步努力鼓励和支持女学生从事地质和采矿工程研究。在学术界之外,在采矿业内部,奥尤陶勒盖(Oyu Tolgoi)大型矿山面临着严重的性别失衡,该矿山在2022年雇佣了20328名工人。在这些劳动力中,只有3577名是女性,仅占员工总数的18%,而其余82%是男性。在露天矿的2997名员工中,有737名女性担任各种职务,其中包括66名工程师和技术人员,其余671名担任其他职务。在新开的地下矿井中,女职工总数为2840人,其中工程技术人员248人,其他职务2592人。此外,在董事会中,23名管理人员中只有2名女性,担任高级工作人员和主管职位的女性只有104名。亚洲与全球其他地区的比较分析显示,蒙古采矿业的女性就业率总体为18%,与大洋洲(17%)接近,超过了亚洲地区(13%)和南美洲(11%)。解决这些统计不平衡问题对于改善地球科学和采矿领域的性别平等至关重要。从历史上看,采矿业一直是男性主导的行业,但蒙古女性领导的专业地学和采矿组织在促进女性在这些行业的招聘、保留和晋升方面发挥着至关重要的作用。认识到性别多样性的重要性,这些组织努力增加妇女在领导岗位上的代表性。女性领导带来独特的视角,有助于组织内全面的决策过程。认识到性别动态的重要性,促进包容性,并支持蒙古妇女在地球科学和采矿领域的专业成长,将大大加强该国这些部门的整体发展和可持续性。
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A Comparative Study of Gender Disparities in Geoscience and Mining in Mongolia
Mongolian women enjoy equal rights and actively participate in various sectors of the national economy, including the mineral and mining industry. The Mongolian University of Science and Technology (MUST), the largest university in Mongolia, plays a crucial role in preparing engineers for the Mongolian industry. Within MUST, the School of Geology and Mining Engineering (SGME) stands out as one of the largest schools, boasting a dedicated team of 136 staff members. Impressively, 92 of these staff members are female, constituting a remarkable 67.65% of the total staff. The directorial board of SGME, consisting of 12 members, also demonstrates a noteworthy level of gender diversity, with 5 of its members being female. This represents a proportion of 41.67% and highlights the inclusion of women in decision-making positions. Additionally, it is worth noting that the Geology and Hydrogeology department, one of the five departments within the School, is led by a capable female leader. However, despite the encouraging representation of women among staff and in leadership roles, there is a noticeable disparity in the enrollment and graduation rates of students at SGME. Currently, these rates stand at only about 20–24 percent, indicating the need for further efforts to encourage and support female students in pursuing geology and mining engineering studies. Outside of academia, within the mining industry, the Oyu Tolgoi large-scale mine, which in 2022 employed 20,328 workers, faces a significant gender imbalance. Out of this workforce, only 3577 are women, comprising a mere 18% of the total employees, while the remaining 82% are men. Among the 2997 total employees in the open pit mine, 737 women are employed in various roles, including 66 engineers and technicians, with the remaining 671 in other positions. In the newly opened underground mine, the total number of women employees stands at 2840, including 248 engineers and technicians and 2592 in other roles. Furthermore, on the Board of Directors, there are only 2 women out of a total of 23 managers, and a mere 104 women hold positions as senior staff and superintendents. A comparative analysis between Asia and other global regions reveals that female employment in Mongolia’s mining sector in general, at 18%, closely aligns with Oceania’s rates (17%) and surpasses those of both the broader Asian region (13%) and South America (11%). Addressing these statistical imbalances is crucial to improving gender equality in geoscience and mining. Historically, the mining industry has been male-dominated, but women-led professional geoscience and mining organizations in Mongolia play a vital role in promoting the recruitment, retention, and advancement of women in these industries. Recognizing the significance of gender diversity, these organizations strive to increase the representation of women in leadership positions. Women in leadership bring unique perspectives that contribute to well-rounded decision-making processes within organizations. By acknowledging the importance of gender dynamics, promoting inclusivity, and supporting the professional growth of Mongolian women in geoscience and mining, the overall development and sustainability of these sectors in the country will be greatly enhanced.
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来源期刊
Geosciences (Switzerland)
Geosciences (Switzerland) Earth and Planetary Sciences-Earth and Planetary Sciences (all)
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
7.40%
发文量
395
审稿时长
11 weeks
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