氮管理可以提高铝冶炼厂附近水稻(Oryza sativa L.)的产量:一项实地研究

N. Panda, A. Dash
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引用次数: 2

摘要

氮素管理是水稻在淹水条件下维持产量的关键。在不利环境条件下,施氮时间和施氮量对水稻产量有促进作用。为了验证这一假设,我们于2015年和2016年在奥里萨邦Hirakud, Sambalpur, Hindustan铝业有限公司(HINDALCO)及其周围的不同村庄进行了实地实验。根据与冶炼厂的距离选择水稻生态系统。不同的处理框架来检验假设t1 -农民实践(60:30:30 kg N: P2 O5:K2O ha-1);T2- 75%推荐施氮量(RDF);T3 -100% N的RDF;T4 -125% N的RDF;试验采用随机区组设计,在农户田间进行4个重复。试验作物是tejaswinee水稻。施氮量为125%时,株高(cm)、穗长(cm)和每山有效分蘖数等生长参数最高。而叶绿素含量(mg g-1鲜)在施用氮肥150%时最高。水稻的籽粒和秸秆产量(q ha-1)在氮素用量为125%的处理下也最高。与远离铝冶炼厂的水稻生态系统相比,离铝冶炼厂较近的水稻生态系统受影响较小。水稻蛋白质含量(%)等稻米品质参数在冶炼现场也受到影响。但随着施氮量的增加至125%,RDF蛋白质含量增加。
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Nitrogen management can boost rice (Oryza sativa L.) production near aluminium smelter: A field study
Nitrogen (N) management is a key to sustain rice yield under submerged condition. Time and amount of N application boost rice production under adverse environmental situation. To test this hypothesis a field experiment was conducted at different villages in and around Hindustan Aluminium Company Ltd. (HINDALCO), Hirakud, Sambalpur, Odisha in the year 2015 and 2016. The rice ecosystems were selected on the basis of distance from the smelter plant. Different treatments were framed to test the hypothesis as T1-Farmers practice (60:30:30 kg N: P2 O5:K2O ha-1); T2- 75% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) of nitrogen(N) ; T3 -100% RDF of N; T4 -125% RDF of N; T5 -150% RDF of N. It was conducted in a randomized block design with four replications in the farmer's field. The test crop was rice cv.Tejaswinee. Growth parameters like plant height (cm), panicle length (cm) and number of effective tillers per hill were found to be highest in the plots where 125% RDF of N was applied. However the chlorophyll content(mg g-1 fresh)was estimated highest with 150 % RDF of N applied plots. The grain and straw yield (q ha-1) of rice were also observed highest with treatments receiving125% RDF of N.The rice ecosystems which are nearer to aluminium smelter plant were supposed to be affected with less yield as compared to far distance rice ecosystems. The grain quality parameterof rice like protein content (%) was also affected at smelter sites as compared to far distances. However with increasing the N level to 125 % RDF protein content was increased.
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