在源头建立临时蓄水区,减轻洪水和减少地表径流

IF 6.8 1区 地球科学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water Pub Date : 2023-01-24 DOI:10.1002/wat2.1634
Martyn T. Roberts, J. Geris, P. Hallett, M. Wilkinson
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引用次数: 1

摘要

临时存储区域(tsa)代表了一类基于自然的软工程解决方案,可以在整个集水区提供分散的小规模存储。tsa储存和减弱地表径流,在洪水事件期间提供新的额外储存。随着气候变化导致极端水文事件的频率和规模增加,对这种额外集水区储存的需求将变得更加迫切。在水源集水区实施tsa的势头正在慢慢增强,但从业者仍然需要进一步的证据来证明这些措施在洪水事件中如何发挥作用。这篇综述的重点是相对小规模(<10,000 m3)的tsa在水源集水区洪水风险管理中的作用。它还探讨了作为综合集水区管理方法的一部分实施这些措施可能带来的更广泛的好处。TSA缓解洪水的有效性主要取决于TSA在事件发生前的可用存储。在局部尺度上,这可以用TSA输入、输出和总存储之间的关系来表示。讨论了影响TSA局部功能和有效性的因素,以及优化未来TSA设计和管理的潜在考虑因素。水文模型表明,tsa可用于有效地减弱高震级事件。然而,未来的考虑应该包括解决缺乏经验证据表明TSA流域规模有效性以及当地TSA功能如何随时间变化的问题。小规模的水源tsa为集水区管理提供了一种全面和可持续的方法,既可以为土地所有者带来当地利益,也可以为社会减轻更广泛的洪水风险。
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Mitigating floods and attenuating surface runoff with temporary storage areas in headwaters
Temporary storage areas (TSAs) represent a category of soft‐engineered nature‐based solutions that can provide dispersed, small‐scale storage throughout a catchment. TSAs store and attenuate surface runoff, providing new additional storage during flood events. The need for such additional catchment storage will become more urgent as the frequency and magnitude of extreme hydrological events increases due to climate change. Implementation of TSAs in headwater catchments is slowly gaining momentum, but practitioners still require further evidence on how such measures function during flood events. This review focuses on the role of relatively small‐scale (<10,000 m3) TSAs in headwater catchments for flood risk management. It also explores the potential wider benefits for implementing these as part of an integrated catchment management approach. TSA flood mitigation effectiveness is primarily determined by the TSA's available storage prior to the event. At the local scale, this can be represented by the relationship between TSA inputs, outputs and total storage. Factors influencing the local functioning and effectiveness of TSAs are discussed, with potential considerations for optimizing future TSA design and management. Hydrological models have suggested that TSAs could be used to effectively attenuate high magnitude events. However, future considerations should involve addressing the lack of empirical evidence showing TSA catchment scale effectiveness and how local TSA functioning might change in time. Small‐scale headwater TSAs offer a holistic and sustainable approach to catchment management that can deliver both local benefits to landowners and wider flood risk mitigation for society.
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来源期刊
Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water
Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water Environmental Science-Ecology
CiteScore
16.60
自引率
3.70%
发文量
56
期刊介绍: The WIREs series is truly unique, blending the best aspects of encyclopedic reference works and review journals into a dynamic online format. These remarkable resources foster a research culture that transcends disciplinary boundaries, all while upholding the utmost scientific and presentation excellence. However, they go beyond traditional publications and are, in essence, ever-evolving databases of the latest cutting-edge reviews.
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