阿尔巴尼亚语与英语、俄语词组的内部结构比较

Diana Djaloshi
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摘要

后极权主义阿尔巴尼亚的根本变化已将许多概念引入社会的各个方面。因此,这些概念的术语扩充和丰富了标准阿尔巴尼亚语的词汇。这些词汇的发展也反映在语言层次的变化上,这反映在除了新词之外,从国内词汇和各种构词法中创造出来,以及从外国借来的“词汇基金”的创造,特别是从英语中。反映在语言的词汇层中的新术语的比例越来越大,这就需要使用额外的语言方式,以处理从一个语言区域到另一个语言区域循环的无休止的概念流,这导致使用搭配,如:状态捕获,热线,功能文盲等。从本质上讲,搭配比单个单词更清晰、更精确。搭配是在语言中已经找到的单字术语的基础上构建的,很少使用另一种语言的外来词。这是由于一种语言(例如阿尔巴尼亚语)中的术语与另一种语言中的术语相对应,例如英语中的epushtet i katert和俄语中的четвертаясила。关键词:搭配,词汇,层次,概念,术语,社会,借贷。
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Internal Structure of Phrasal Terms in Albanian as Compared with their Equivalents in English and Russian
The fundamental changes in post-totalitarian Albania, have introduced numerous concepts into every aspect of the society.  As a result terms for these concepts have expanded and enriched the vocabulary of Standard Albanian.  These lexical developments have also been reflected in changes within language layers reflected in addition of new words, created from the domestic lexicon and various word formation ways, as well as the creation of a “lexical fund”derived from foreign loans, particularly from English.  The growing proportion of new termsreflected in the lexical layers of the language has created a need to use additional language ways,in order to deal with the endless stream of concepts that circulate from one linguistic area to another, which resulted in using collocationssuch as: state capture, hot line, functionally illiterateetc. Collocations by nature are more distinct and precise than single words. Collocationsare constructed on the basis of single-word terms already found in the language, and only rarely using loanwords from another language. This is a result of the fact that terms in one language, e.g. Albanian, correspond with terms in another language, for examplepushtet i katert with fourth estate (English) and четвертаясила (Russian). Keywords:  collocation, lexicon, layer, concept, term, society, loan.
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