Pub Date : 2016-12-18DOI: 10.0001/(AJ).V4I4.1234.G1734
Gjergji Zheni, G. Muzi
Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is still the major cause of death in patients with end stage chronic kidney disease (ES-CKD), with a mortality rate approximately 10 to 30 times greater than that of the general population. Multiple factors are involved in the development of CVD in CKD. Although left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is strong predictor of mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease, few studies are available before the start of dialysis treatment in our country. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prevalence and clinical correlates of LVH in nondiabetic patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) not yet undergoing renal replacement therapy and to examine the relations between anemia, pulse pressure (PP), hypertension (HTA) with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Materials and methods: We investigated 111 nondiabetic patients with CKD, presented in ambulatory service. Patients excluded from the study were of ischemic heart and valvular heart disease. 26 patients presented the second stage of CKD (GFR 60-89,9ml/min). 30 patients presented third stage of CKD (GFR 30–59,9ml/min).32 patients was at the 4th stage of CDK (GFR 15-29,9 ml /min) and 23 patients presented 5 the stage of CKD (GFR <15ml/min).Each patient had blood pressure (BP) measured by means of 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring and left ventricular mass index (LVMi) assessed by means of M-mode echocardiography. Creatinine clearance was estimated by means of the Cockcroft-Gault formula, and hemoglobin was assessed by using routine methods. Results: The prevalence of LVH in nondiabetic predialysis patients with CKD was 81.9%; 22% of whom were women. The prevalence of hypertension was 72,6%. Anemia was present in all patients. In the overall group, prevalences of arterial hypertension, anemia and LVH were high. HTA is associated with LVH in patients with CKD, and the strong relationship between elevated pulse pressure and LVH in those with more advanced CKD suggests that increased arterial stiffness might have a role for LVH well before the start of dialysis therapy. Conclusions: In conclusion, the incidence of LVH was high even among nondiabetics patients under conservative treatment, and, except for age, LVH correlated with reversible factors. The need for strictly diagnosing CKD and preventing LVH in the predialysis phase is emphasized to decrease mortality due to CVD in that population. Keywords: Chronic Kidney Disease, Left ventricular hypertrophy; pulse pressure, hypertension, anemia.
{"title":"Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Nondiabetics Patients with Predialysis Chronic Renal Disease in the Hospital Center Elbasan","authors":"Gjergji Zheni, G. Muzi","doi":"10.0001/(AJ).V4I4.1234.G1734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(AJ).V4I4.1234.G1734","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is still the major cause of death in patients with end stage chronic kidney disease (ES-CKD), with a mortality rate approximately 10 to 30 times greater than that of the general population. Multiple factors are involved in the development of CVD in CKD. Although left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is strong predictor of mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease, few studies are available before the start of dialysis treatment in our country. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prevalence and clinical correlates of LVH in nondiabetic patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) not yet undergoing renal replacement therapy and to examine the relations between anemia, pulse pressure (PP), hypertension (HTA) with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Materials and methods: We investigated 111 nondiabetic patients with CKD, presented in ambulatory service. Patients excluded from the study were of ischemic heart and valvular heart disease. 26 patients presented the second stage of CKD (GFR 60-89,9ml/min). 30 patients presented third stage of CKD (GFR 30–59,9ml/min).32 patients was at the 4th stage of CDK (GFR 15-29,9 ml /min) and 23 patients presented 5 the stage of CKD (GFR <15ml/min).Each patient had blood pressure (BP) measured by means of 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring and left ventricular mass index (LVMi) assessed by means of M-mode echocardiography. Creatinine clearance was estimated by means of the Cockcroft-Gault formula, and hemoglobin was assessed by using routine methods. Results: The prevalence of LVH in nondiabetic predialysis patients with CKD was 81.9%; 22% of whom were women. The prevalence of hypertension was 72,6%. Anemia was present in all patients. In the overall group, prevalences of arterial hypertension, anemia and LVH were high. HTA is associated with LVH in patients with CKD, and the strong relationship between elevated pulse pressure and LVH in those with more advanced CKD suggests that increased arterial stiffness might have a role for LVH well before the start of dialysis therapy. Conclusions: In conclusion, the incidence of LVH was high even among nondiabetics patients under conservative treatment, and, except for age, LVH correlated with reversible factors. The need for strictly diagnosing CKD and preventing LVH in the predialysis phase is emphasized to decrease mortality due to CVD in that population. Keywords: Chronic Kidney Disease, Left ventricular hypertrophy; pulse pressure, hypertension, anemia.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"96 1","pages":"83-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85672195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The XXI century modern societies, are continuously being characterized by features that were inexistent in the past. One of the most prominent features is the rapid development of information technology and media. Nowadays, human life is interdependent in many ways by the media, by the information that we receive on a daily basis, mostly by the TV but also by other means of mass communication. The TV, the internet and the media, in general, are a core part of our life and not only it is impossible to live without them but on the contrary, humans become more and more involved in them. Based on the importance of the media and its role in the society, numerous scholars are focusing on studies aiming to achieve a correct, healthy and unbiased relationship between the media and the citizen. Media literacy is the discipline that aims at “illuminating” the realities which are unseen in this communication and which risk not to create interaction but interdependence of the society from the media. This can be achieved by orienting this discipline towards the pedagogical aspect of teaching, aiming at equipping the future citizens with the necessary skills and knowledge in regards to their relationship with the media. Keywords: Media Literacy, media, education.
{"title":"Education through Media Literacy, Necessity of Modern Time Societies","authors":"Florenc Vavla, Laureta Vavla","doi":"10.0001/(AJ).V4I9.1198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(AJ).V4I9.1198","url":null,"abstract":"The XXI century modern societies, are continuously being characterized by features that were inexistent in the past. One of the most prominent features is the rapid development of information technology and media. Nowadays, human life is interdependent in many ways by the media, by the information that we receive on a daily basis, mostly by the TV but also by other means of mass communication. The TV, the internet and the media, in general, are a core part of our life and not only it is impossible to live without them but on the contrary, humans become more and more involved in them. Based on the importance of the media and its role in the society, numerous scholars are focusing on studies aiming to achieve a correct, healthy and unbiased relationship between the media and the citizen. Media literacy is the discipline that aims at “illuminating” the realities which are unseen in this communication and which risk not to create interaction but interdependence of the society from the media. This can be achieved by orienting this discipline towards the pedagogical aspect of teaching, aiming at equipping the future citizens with the necessary skills and knowledge in regards to their relationship with the media. Keywords: Media Literacy, media, education.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"153 1","pages":"23-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74699173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The olive it‟s the most important tree of the Mediterranean, its domestication has begun during the Neolithic in Greece, 6000 years BC, and about this time in Albania, due to its closeness with continental Greece. Planting increased in the 8th and 7th centuries BC and from the 5th century BC the olive was the tree of the Hellenistic world. The cultivation of olive and preparation of olive oil in Albania was the same as that of the neighboring territories; the most popular was the roman milling system, trapetum. This evidence is attested in the cities, small centers or rural settlements that are located in the Adriatic and Ionian Coast, which have a suitable climate for its cultivation. For the medieval period the cultivation, production and the circulation of the olive oil are in less in amount and regional. In the preparation of olive oil, in the family setting, were used the same procedures as in antiquity. The milling was done with millstones that perpetuated the roman trapetum, powered by animals. From the number of olive trees per family and of the olive mills used in the Albania is attested that their dimensions were mostly for family production or at most for the regional market. In the beginning of the modern era, the cultivation of the olive was consolidated and increased helped by the repopulation of the areas when the olive was cultivated. Apart from the written sources, an important place takes the archaeological finds, like the oil mills found in Bylis, Kostar, Kamenice, Sinje, ect., which belong to late antiquity and the middle ages. At the beginning of the modern era, olive cultivation was consolidated and expanded due to the repopulation of the olive-growing zones, to general demographic growth. Keywords: olive tree, olive oil, trapetum, antiquity, oil presses, antiquity, middle ages.
{"title":"Olive and Olive Oil in Albania, from Antiquity until the middle Ages","authors":"Suela Xhyheri","doi":"10.0001/(aj).v5i5.1074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(aj).v5i5.1074","url":null,"abstract":"The olive it‟s the most important tree of the Mediterranean, its domestication has begun during the Neolithic in Greece, 6000 years BC, and about this time in Albania, due to its closeness with continental Greece. Planting increased in the 8th and 7th centuries BC and from the 5th century BC the olive was the tree of the Hellenistic world. The cultivation of olive and preparation of olive oil in Albania was the same as that of the neighboring territories; the most popular was the roman milling system, trapetum. This evidence is attested in the cities, small centers or rural settlements that are located in the Adriatic and Ionian Coast, which have a suitable climate for its cultivation. For the medieval period the cultivation, production and the circulation of the olive oil are in less in amount and regional. In the preparation of olive oil, in the family setting, were used the same procedures as in antiquity. The milling was done with millstones that perpetuated the roman trapetum, powered by animals. From the number of olive trees per family and of the olive mills used in the Albania is attested that their dimensions were mostly for family production or at most for the regional market. In the beginning of the modern era, the cultivation of the olive was consolidated and increased helped by the repopulation of the areas when the olive was cultivated. Apart from the written sources, an important place takes the archaeological finds, like the oil mills found in Bylis, Kostar, Kamenice, Sinje, ect., which belong to late antiquity and the middle ages. At the beginning of the modern era, olive cultivation was consolidated and expanded due to the repopulation of the olive-growing zones, to general demographic growth. Keywords: olive tree, olive oil, trapetum, antiquity, oil presses, antiquity, middle ages.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":"33-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79970300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Form-focused instruction is a method that emphasizes the value of communicative teaching standards, which include student-centered instruction and authentic communication.The purpose of this thesis is to examine the effectiveness of ‘focus on form’ instruction on Iranian EFL learners’ acquisition of grammatical items.In an attempt to uncover the possible effects of form-focus instruction on learners’ grammatical knowledge, an empirical study was conducted. This study used a Quasi-experimental design. In so doing,the study was performed in one of the Iranian Universities. The participants were 60 Iranian pupils (20 males and 40 females), enrolled in two classes of the second grade, and were selected through a random sampling procedure. After laying the ground for the study, participants in both experimental and control groups were pretested on the grammar measures. Afterward, grammar instruction for both groups was carried out. The main difference between two groups lay in the methods of teaching and providing feedback on the grammatical features. While the experimental group was trained through form-focused instruction for improving their linguistic competence, the control group was received no direct focus-on-form instruction on grammatical features. And the final stage dealt with post-testing participants on the same measures that were used in the first phase. To examine whether significant differences existed between the two groups of participants prior and after the instruction, descriptive statistical procedures, and ANCOVA was applied to ascertain the extent to which form-focus instruction influenced the learners’ grammatical knowledge.Upon reviewing the results of the one-way ANCOVA data analysis procedure concerning grammar knowledge of two groups, it was revealed that the experimental group significantly outperformed the control group after the intervention indicating that the form-focused instruction was successful in improving Iranian EFL learners' grammatical knowledge on those certain grammatical features [F (1, 57) = 127, Sig = .000, partial eta squared = .73]. Keywords: Grammatical knowledge, Form focus instruction, focus on forms.
以形式为中心的教学是一种强调交际教学标准价值的教学方法，交际教学标准包括以学生为中心的教学和真实的交流。本文的目的是考察“注重形式”教学对伊朗英语学习者语法项目习得的有效性。为了揭示以形式为中心的教学对学习者语法知识可能产生的影响，本研究进行了一项实证研究。本研究采用准实验设计。在这样做时，这项研究是在伊朗的一所大学进行的。参与者是60名伊朗学生(20名男生和40名女生)，他们被选入了二年级的两个班级，并通过随机抽样程序进行了选择。在为研究奠定基础之后，实验组和对照组的参与者都接受了语法测试的预先测试。之后，对两组进行语法指导。两组人的主要区别在于教学方法和对语法特征的反馈。实验组接受以形式为重点的语言能力训练，而对照组没有接受直接的以形式为重点的语法特征训练。最后一个阶段是对测试后的参与者使用与第一阶段相同的测量方法。为了检验两组参与者在教学前后是否存在显著差异，我们采用描述性统计程序和ANCOVA来确定形式聚焦教学对学习者语法知识的影响程度。通过对两组语法知识的单向ANCOVA数据分析结果进行回顾，发现实验组在干预后显著优于对照组，这表明以形式为中心的教学在某些语法特征上成功地提高了伊朗英语学习者的语法知识[F (1,57) = 127, Sig = .000，偏eta平方= .73]。关键词:语法知识，形式聚焦教学，形式聚焦。
{"title":"The Impact of Focus-on-Form versus non Focus-on-Form instruction on accurate production of some Grammatical Structures","authors":"M. Rezakhani","doi":"10.0001/(AJ).V5I5.1089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(AJ).V5I5.1089","url":null,"abstract":"Form-focused instruction is a method that emphasizes the value of communicative teaching standards, which include student-centered instruction and authentic communication.The purpose of this thesis is to examine the effectiveness of ‘focus on form’ instruction on Iranian EFL learners’ acquisition of grammatical items.In an attempt to uncover the possible effects of form-focus instruction on learners’ grammatical knowledge, an empirical study was conducted. This study used a Quasi-experimental design. In so doing,the study was performed in one of the Iranian Universities. The participants were 60 Iranian pupils (20 males and 40 females), enrolled in two classes of the second grade, and were selected through a random sampling procedure. After laying the ground for the study, participants in both experimental and control groups were pretested on the grammar measures. Afterward, grammar instruction for both groups was carried out. The main difference between two groups lay in the methods of teaching and providing feedback on the grammatical features. While the experimental group was trained through form-focused instruction for improving their linguistic competence, the control group was received no direct focus-on-form instruction on grammatical features. And the final stage dealt with post-testing participants on the same measures that were used in the first phase. To examine whether significant differences existed between the two groups of participants prior and after the instruction, descriptive statistical procedures, and ANCOVA was applied to ascertain the extent to which form-focus instruction influenced the learners’ grammatical knowledge.Upon reviewing the results of the one-way ANCOVA data analysis procedure concerning grammar knowledge of two groups, it was revealed that the experimental group significantly outperformed the control group after the intervention indicating that the form-focused instruction was successful in improving Iranian EFL learners' grammatical knowledge on those certain grammatical features [F (1, 57) = 127, Sig = .000, partial eta squared = .73]. Keywords: Grammatical knowledge, Form focus instruction, focus on forms.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"38 1","pages":"129-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84068370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Albanian agriculture faces the challenges of competitiveness in a global and regional market. Many factors, cause the noncompetitiveness of the agriculture sector in our country compared to other countries of the region, and the EU. For this reason, it is important to study the impact given to farms and the Albanian agriculture, aids and subsidies by the Albanian state agencies. The most important challenges for the Albanian farmers may be classified into a few points, which we tried to explain through this bibliographic work. The Albanian agriculture is mainly characterized by farms with a small surface and with a low level of mechanization. A significant problem of the agricultural sector in our country is the inadequate level of cooperation between farmers and the different stakeholders of the industry. Keywords: Albanian agriculture, farms, stakeholders, industry, etc.
{"title":"The Financial Impact of Aids and Subsidies by the Albanian State Agencies in Small and Medium Farms","authors":"P. Shoshi, E. Dashi, N. Hodo","doi":"10.0001/(AJ).V5I5.1079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(AJ).V5I5.1079","url":null,"abstract":"The Albanian agriculture faces the challenges of competitiveness in a global and regional market. Many factors, cause the noncompetitiveness of the agriculture sector in our country compared to other countries of the region, and the EU. For this reason, it is important to study the impact given to farms and the Albanian agriculture, aids and subsidies by the Albanian state agencies. The most important challenges for the Albanian farmers may be classified into a few points, which we tried to explain through this bibliographic work. The Albanian agriculture is mainly characterized by farms with a small surface and with a low level of mechanization. A significant problem of the agricultural sector in our country is the inadequate level of cooperation between farmers and the different stakeholders of the industry. Keywords: Albanian agriculture, farms, stakeholders, industry, etc.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"67 1","pages":"73-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88114809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As we all know that Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) project is a large enterprise program which is installed in big companies all over the world to manage the business efficiently. Most of the commonly used modules in the well-known ERP packages comprise of: Setup; Stores/Inventory; Accounts/Finance; Production; Human Resources; CRM. Henceforth it as very essential to make a comprehensive study on deployment (usage) of well-known ERP packages in the Banking/Financial sector of the Kurdistan region. This was the main idea to choose this interesting topic to make an empirical research. A comprehensive research was done with this viewpoint. An empirical quantitative based survey was done. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 19.0. Keywords: entrepreneurship, company, production, human resources, Kurdistan region, banking, finance, etc.
{"title":"The Level of Deployment of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) in the Banking/Financial Sector in the Kurdistan Region","authors":"Atul Sharma, O. Hussain, Mostafa Naif Jarges","doi":"10.0001/(aj).v5i5.1080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(aj).v5i5.1080","url":null,"abstract":"As we all know that Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) project is a large enterprise program which is installed in big companies all over the world to manage the business efficiently. Most of the commonly used modules in the well-known ERP packages comprise of: Setup; Stores/Inventory; Accounts/Finance; Production; Human Resources; CRM. Henceforth it as very essential to make a comprehensive study on deployment (usage) of well-known ERP packages in the Banking/Financial sector of the Kurdistan region. This was the main idea to choose this interesting topic to make an empirical research. A comprehensive research was done with this viewpoint. An empirical quantitative based survey was done. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 19.0. Keywords: entrepreneurship, company, production, human resources, Kurdistan region, banking, finance, etc.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":"78-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80879475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-10DOI: 10.0001/(aj).v5i9.966.g1209
Reshat Gega
St. Mary's Church, which is situated in the village of Labova e Kryqit (translated as Labova of the Cross in English) and falls under the municipality of Libohova, has brought to the repertoire of the Albanian Medieval Architecture the brilliant demonstration of one of the most wonderful architectonic formulation and such a great iconographic program in terms of its functions, the decoration of the interior and exterior that it might be compared to its equals in the elite of this genre in the Byzantine culture worldwide. The architectonic type of this church is defined as a cross imprinted with the upper volumes of its arms extending up to the level of the roof. Viewed from the perspective of the formulation of the compositional core area which consists of the square structure formed by four columns with three arcades among them to create the cubic base sustaining the tambour of the dome, this type of church provides the best example of a metropolitan style of church and shares similarities with other churches alike. Similar churches are found in the complex of Teotokos Peribleptos in Constantinople, built by the famous emperor Romano III Argjiro, v.1028-1034. Oher similar churches that we can mention are also the church of Teorakos Parnrnakaristos, in Constantinople, dating from the XII century, Monastery of Saint John, in Libos (Fenari Isa Cami) in Constantinople which dates from the X-XII century, Saint George Church in Mangano, 1042-1057, etc. Keywords: St. Mary's Church, the village Labova of the Cross, Gjirokastra, cupola, arcade, static condition, Byzantine architecture; restoration.
圣玛丽教堂位于Labova e Kryqit村(英文翻译为Labova of the Cross)，隶属于Libohova市，它为阿尔巴尼亚中世纪建筑的保留剧目带来了最美妙的建筑形式之一的辉煌展示，并在其功能方面提供了如此伟大的图像程序，内部和外部的装饰可以与世界范围内拜占庭文化中这一流派的精英相提并论。这座教堂的建筑类型被定义为一个十字架，其手臂的上部体积一直延伸到屋顶的水平。从构图核心区的制定角度来看，该区域由四根柱子组成的方形结构组成，其中有三个拱廊，以创造支撑圆顶的立方体基座，这种类型的教堂提供了大都市教堂风格的最佳范例，与其他类似的教堂有相似之处。在君士坦丁堡的Teotokos Peribleptos建筑群中也发现了类似的教堂，由著名的皇帝罗马诺三世(公元1028-1034年)建造。我们可以提到的其他类似的教堂还有君士坦丁堡的Teorakos Parnrnakaristos教堂，建于12世纪，君士坦丁堡的Libos (Fenari Isa Cami)的圣约翰修道院，建于x - 12世纪，曼加诺的圣乔治教堂，1042-1057年，等等。关键词:圣玛丽教堂，十字架村，吉罗卡斯特拉，圆顶，拱廊，静态条件，拜占庭式建筑;恢复。
{"title":"St. Mary's Church in Labova of the Cross in Gjirokstra Analyses of the Church's Construction Stages, its Age and Some Static Issues","authors":"Reshat Gega","doi":"10.0001/(aj).v5i9.966.g1209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(aj).v5i9.966.g1209","url":null,"abstract":"St. Mary's Church, which is situated in the village of Labova e Kryqit (translated as Labova of the Cross in English) and falls under the municipality of Libohova, has brought to the repertoire of the Albanian Medieval Architecture the brilliant demonstration of one of the most wonderful architectonic formulation and such a great iconographic program in terms of its functions, the decoration of the interior and exterior that it might be compared to its equals in the elite of this genre in the Byzantine culture worldwide. The architectonic type of this church is defined as a cross imprinted with the upper volumes of its arms extending up to the level of the roof. Viewed from the perspective of the formulation of the compositional core area which consists of the square structure formed by four columns with three arcades among them to create the cubic base sustaining the tambour of the dome, this type of church provides the best example of a metropolitan style of church and shares similarities with other churches alike. Similar churches are found in the complex of Teotokos Peribleptos in Constantinople, built by the famous emperor Romano III Argjiro, v.1028-1034. Oher similar churches that we can mention are also the church of Teorakos Parnrnakaristos, in Constantinople, dating from the XII century, Monastery of Saint John, in Libos (Fenari Isa Cami) in Constantinople which dates from the X-XII century, Saint George Church in Mangano, 1042-1057, etc. Keywords: St. Mary's Church, the village Labova of the Cross, Gjirokastra, cupola, arcade, static condition, Byzantine architecture; restoration.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"29-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83023952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-03DOI: 10.0001/(aj).v5i9.965.g1202
L. Vâţă, F. Gradica, D. Vata, Edmond Pistulli, H. Hundozi
Presentation: Obstetric Brachial Plexus Palsy is a damage of Brachial Plexus. The aim of Study: The importance of treatment Obstetric Brachial Plexus Palsy divided by age groups, Erb - Duchenne with the techniques of Bobath and Vojta. Material and methods: In the study were 30 cases in an 8-year timeframe. Wich 15 of these children have come within 3 months of birth. These entities are applied treatment techniques according to Bobath and Vojta. Result:Of the 30 cases in the study, 15 came within 3 months of their birth. Were treated with Bobath and Vojta techniques and have achieved 100%functional results and 90% aesthetic. 15 children come after this age, 8 arrivals within the first year of birth have reached 90% function and 80% aesthetic. 7 arrivals after 18 months have received 80% function and 70% aesthetics. In measuring the results have participated orthopedic and neuropediatric doctors of Q.S.U. "Mother Teresa" and Trauma. Conclusion: Determinant in the results: 1. The degree of damage 2. Time of arrival in treatment3. Treatment by age. Keywords: Obstetric Brachial Plexus Palsy, Erb-Duchenne, 30 cases, techniques Bobath and Vojta, Function, Aesthetics.
{"title":"Physiotherapy Treatment of Obstetrics Brachial Plexus Palsy (OBPP) Erb - Duchenne by Age Group","authors":"L. Vâţă, F. Gradica, D. Vata, Edmond Pistulli, H. Hundozi","doi":"10.0001/(aj).v5i9.965.g1202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(aj).v5i9.965.g1202","url":null,"abstract":"Presentation: Obstetric Brachial Plexus Palsy is a damage of Brachial Plexus. The aim of Study: The importance of treatment Obstetric Brachial Plexus Palsy divided by age groups, Erb - Duchenne with the techniques of Bobath and Vojta. Material and methods: In the study were 30 cases in an 8-year timeframe. Wich 15 of these children have come within 3 months of birth. These entities are applied treatment techniques according to Bobath and Vojta. Result:Of the 30 cases in the study, 15 came within 3 months of their birth. Were treated with Bobath and Vojta techniques and have achieved 100%functional results and 90% aesthetic. 15 children come after this age, 8 arrivals within the first year of birth have reached 90% function and 80% aesthetic. 7 arrivals after 18 months have received 80% function and 70% aesthetics. In measuring the results have participated orthopedic and neuropediatric doctors of Q.S.U. \"Mother Teresa\" and Trauma. Conclusion: Determinant in the results: 1. The degree of damage 2. Time of arrival in treatment3. Treatment by age. Keywords: Obstetric Brachial Plexus Palsy, Erb-Duchenne, 30 cases, techniques Bobath and Vojta, Function, Aesthetics.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"43 1","pages":"24-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80911671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.0001/(AJ).V5I9.960.G1198
Y. Çani, B. Bizhga
Ascaris suum infection resulted to the more common parasite in pigs, in Albania. Examinations as qualitative or quantitative for the prevalence and parasitic load values of Ascaris suum infection can be performed in the stools, liver, lungs, intestine and nasal sputumin all pig categories. Coproscopic examination was the best method, more efficient and lower cost to carry out epidemiological studies on the prevalence and parasite load of Ascaris suum infection in all pig. Coproscopic examination showed that Ascaris suum infection affected all economies and all the pig categories in Albania, but seriously piglets 0-7 months where prevalence resulted very high(around 85%) and average parasitic loads between 142-184 e/g/f. Coproscopic examinations are efficient and offer the possibility of epidemiological estimates, while post-mortem examinations in slaughterhouses are efficient, low cost and provide sufficient data for Ascaris suum infection. Post-mortem examinations to the slaughterhouse were alternative methods of study, which remains at preliminary evaluation and comparison. In piglets, we examined nasal secretions for the presence and number of larvae. This method was applied as an alternative examinations method for coproscopic examination at the alive piglets. Especially in piglets we can observe clinical signs for pneumonia and when parasitic pneumonia detected, the nose leaks were examined for the presence and number of larvae. Efficient alternative diagnostic techniques as methods of Ascaris suum infection diagnosis will be converted into routine techniques to perform quantitative and qualitative diagnosis and other parasitic Ascaris suum infection estimates. Keywords: Ascaris suum infection, pigs, method, diagnose, alternative.
{"title":"Ascaris suum Infection Estimate","authors":"Y. Çani, B. Bizhga","doi":"10.0001/(AJ).V5I9.960.G1198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(AJ).V5I9.960.G1198","url":null,"abstract":"Ascaris suum infection resulted to the more common parasite in pigs, in Albania. Examinations as qualitative or quantitative for the prevalence and parasitic load values of Ascaris suum infection can be performed in the stools, liver, lungs, intestine and nasal sputumin all pig categories. Coproscopic examination was the best method, more efficient and lower cost to carry out epidemiological studies on the prevalence and parasite load of Ascaris suum infection in all pig. Coproscopic examination showed that Ascaris suum infection affected all economies and all the pig categories in Albania, but seriously piglets 0-7 months where prevalence resulted very high(around 85%) and average parasitic loads between 142-184 e/g/f. Coproscopic examinations are efficient and offer the possibility of epidemiological estimates, while post-mortem examinations in slaughterhouses are efficient, low cost and provide sufficient data for Ascaris suum infection. Post-mortem examinations to the slaughterhouse were alternative methods of study, which remains at preliminary evaluation and comparison. In piglets, we examined nasal secretions for the presence and number of larvae. This method was applied as an alternative examinations method for coproscopic examination at the alive piglets. Especially in piglets we can observe clinical signs for pneumonia and when parasitic pneumonia detected, the nose leaks were examined for the presence and number of larvae. Efficient alternative diagnostic techniques as methods of Ascaris suum infection diagnosis will be converted into routine techniques to perform quantitative and qualitative diagnosis and other parasitic Ascaris suum infection estimates. Keywords: Ascaris suum infection, pigs, method, diagnose, alternative.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"48 1","pages":"8-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80481478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.0001/(AJ).V5I9.1018.G1254
Gelanda Shkurtaj
The acquisition of immovable property, as an Institute of Civil Law but also as a key component of human life has always been the focus of attention in different social systems and periods of development. Even with substantial historical movements, wars, settlements, migrations or immigrations, property has been treated in all legislations, notwithstanding the legal regime or form of the state establishment, at any time. The legal approach to all issues, often challenging and complex, regarding the property acquisition and maintenance, has highlighted that property issue, in addition to its legal aspect, bears also a highly complex and unanimous aspect such as the anthropological one, namely of social behaviour in relation to the concept of property acquisition from a broad perspective. Analysis of the phenomenon of ownership acquisition should be viewed in a historical focus and referring to the period from 1991 to date, it is noticed that its most objective and characteristic feature is the social behaviour in the post-communist Albania to the extra-legal modalities, if I can put it this way, of the property acquisition from a comprehensive perspective what the Albanian legislation has foreseen in this period and which has been human approach both in relation to law and its enforcement on one hand and with the property on the other hand. Property acquisition is really in the focus but the binary link is the analysis of the behaviour of the Albanian population regarding the property acquisition and its maintenance. It is worth noting that the behaviour of Albanian population to property not only has failed to pursue law but has acquired the method of its unreasonable acquisition, often arguing on the basis of customs law and other times by adoption to the phenomenon of invasion of state lands or lands of previous owners. Keywords: Property, Law 7501, Land ownership, European Court Decisions, Social Behaviour.
{"title":"Albania versus European Court Decision on Property Conflicts","authors":"Gelanda Shkurtaj","doi":"10.0001/(AJ).V5I9.1018.G1254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.0001/(AJ).V5I9.1018.G1254","url":null,"abstract":"The acquisition of immovable property, as an Institute of Civil Law but also as a key component of human life has always been the focus of attention in different social systems and periods of development. Even with substantial historical movements, wars, settlements, migrations or immigrations, property has been treated in all legislations, notwithstanding the legal regime or form of the state establishment, at any time. The legal approach to all issues, often challenging and complex, regarding the property acquisition and maintenance, has highlighted that property issue, in addition to its legal aspect, bears also a highly complex and unanimous aspect such as the anthropological one, namely of social behaviour in relation to the concept of property acquisition from a broad perspective. Analysis of the phenomenon of ownership acquisition should be viewed in a historical focus and referring to the period from 1991 to date, it is noticed that its most objective and characteristic feature is the social behaviour in the post-communist Albania to the extra-legal modalities, if I can put it this way, of the property acquisition from a comprehensive perspective what the Albanian legislation has foreseen in this period and which has been human approach both in relation to law and its enforcement on one hand and with the property on the other hand. Property acquisition is really in the focus but the binary link is the analysis of the behaviour of the Albanian population regarding the property acquisition and its maintenance. It is worth noting that the behaviour of Albanian population to property not only has failed to pursue law but has acquired the method of its unreasonable acquisition, often arguing on the basis of customs law and other times by adoption to the phenomenon of invasion of state lands or lands of previous owners. Keywords: Property, Law 7501, Land ownership, European Court Decisions, Social Behaviour.","PeriodicalId":7790,"journal":{"name":"Anglisticum Journal","volume":"85 1","pages":"14-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87253353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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