麻疯豆皮、根、叶溶剂提取活性物质对番茄枯萎病的防治作用。番茄尖孢菌

Kinyoda Alexander B.A.M, Mghalu Joseph Mwafaida, Guyo Paul Mwashimba, Muti Simon Mbuvi
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引用次数: 1

摘要

番茄枯萎病(Fusarium wilt)是由尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)引起的番茄土传病害,是番茄田间和温室最常见的土传病害。这种疾病的经济影响不容低估。所有推荐的控制策略在控制病原菌方面都被证明是无效的。研究表明,麻疯豆具有抗植物病原菌的药用活性。研究了麻疯豆提取物对尖孢镰刀菌的抑菌效果。目的:从麻疯树中提取抗尖孢镰刀菌的活性物质;确定粗提物对尖孢镰刀菌的最低抑菌浓度;在体外测试使用选定的溶剂从树皮、叶子和根中提取的生物活性化合物的功效和水平;测定各处理与粗提物的交互作用。本实验采用正己烷(非极性)、乙酸乙酯(中极性)和甲醇(高极性)三种溶剂分离麻疯巴豆根、树皮和叶片的生物活性粗提物。从每种溶剂中分离得到的粗提物用旋转蒸发器浓缩,然后用微过滤器纯化。然后用这些提取物在含尖孢镰刀菌接种的马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂(PDA)培养皿中检测其抗真菌活性。结果表明,从地底物质中提取活性物质所需的溶剂量为180 mL,对尖孢镰刀菌有抑制作用的最低浓度为50.0 mg/mL。正己烷和乙酸乙酯等非极性溶剂对麻风麻属植物活性物质的提取能力最高,因为这些具有抗真菌活性的物质大多是非极性的。己烷提取物对尖孢镰刀菌的防治效果最高,与阳性对照林多密相当。二甲亚砜(DMSO)对尖孢镰刀菌的抑制作用最小。在不含己烷的情况下,乙酸乙酯是第二适合提取麻疯树生物活性物质的溶剂。甲醇对麻疯树中活性物质的提取能力最差。提取生物活性化合物的植物部位与使用的溶剂类型之间存在相互作用。
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Effects of Solvent Extracted Bioactive Compounds from the Bark, Roots and Leaves of Croton jatrophoides on Tomato Wilt Disease (Fusarium. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici)
Fusarium wilt of tomatoes, caused by Fusarium oxysporum, is a major and most prevalent soil borne disease in tomato plants both in the field and green house. The economic impact of this disease cannot be underestimated. All recommended control strategies have proved to be ineffective in controlling the pathogen. Studies have shown that Croton jatrophoides has medicinal activity against the phytopathogens. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of extracts from Croton jatrophoides to suppress Fusarium oxysporum. Specific objectives were to extract bioactive compounds from C. jatrophoides for use against F. oxysporum; to determine the minimum inhibition concentration of crude extract that could elucidate response against F. oxysporum; to test in-vitro the efficacy and levels of bioactive compounds extracted using selected solvents from bark, the leaves and the root; to determine interaction effects between the treatments and the crude extracts. The experiment involved the isolation of bioactive crude extracts from the roots, bark and leaves of Croton jatrophoides plant using three solvents, namely hexane (non-polar), ethyl acetate (moderately polar) and methanol (highly polar). The isolated crude extracts from each solvent were concentrated using rotary evaporator, then purified using micro-filters. These extracts were then used for testing their antifungal activity in Potatoes Dextrose Agar (PDA) petri-plates containing Fusarium oxysporum inoculum. The results indicated that the quantity of the solvent required for exhaustive extraction of bioactive compounds from the ground material was at 180 mL. The minimum inhibition concentration that elucidated response against F. oxysporum was found to be 50.0 mg/mL. Non-polar solvents such as hexane and ethyl acetate were found to have the highest abilities in extracting bioactive compounds from C. jatropoides materials since most of these compounds that had antifungal activity were non-polar. Hexane derived extracts had the highest significant efficacy in control of Fusarioum oxysporum, comparable to Rindomil, a positive control. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) had the least effect on Fusarioum oxysporum. In the absence of hexane, ethyl acetate was the second most suited solvent for extraction of bioactive compounds from C. jatrophoides. Methanol had the least abilities in extraction of bioactive compounds from C. jatrophoides. There were interaction effects between the parts of the plants from which bioactive compounds were derived and the type of solvents used.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.00
自引率
12.50%
发文量
1
审稿时长
52 weeks
期刊介绍: Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources (IJNPR), a quarterly journal, is dedicated to the exploration of topics that confront both educators, frontline workers in the fields, entrepreneurs and ultimate users of the value added products and their resources pertaining to both plants and animals. It publishes original research papers, reviews and short communications. The scope of the journal is multidisciplinary especially of applied nature. Papers on plant cultivation, fishery, apiary, poultry, dairy, disease and pest control measures, postharvest technology/practices, value added products and utilization of plants and animals in broader sense (including ethnobotany and pharmacology) are considered for publication.
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