从民族英雄到民族问题:皮克斯的工人形象(1938-1954)

IF 0.4 3区 历史学 Q3 AREA STUDIES Journal of Australian Studies Pub Date : 2022-12-19 DOI:10.1080/14443058.2022.2155685
P. Magagnoli
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引用次数: 0

摘要

尽管《Pix》(1938-1972)被认为是一本轻浮和放荡的杂志,但它发表了大量关于澳大利亚工人工作和日常斗争的纪实照片文章。更重要的是,这本流行杂志提倡严格的职业道德,将其作为爱国主义和道德美德的标志。《Pix》的政治立场很难确定,因为该杂志从未支持过特定政党或社会运动;相反,它在政治问题上采取了明显的中立立场,对当时的三个主流政党给予同等的报道。如果Pix所推崇的作品的国家叙事,从根本上说,是一种两党叙事,那么Pix真的是非政治的、没有价值的吗?我的回答是否定的:《Pix》的政治立场必须在这本杂志动员有关职业道德的论述的方式中找到。通过将工作简化为一种道德义务,Pix倾向于将有偿工作个性化和正常化,掩盖了工厂社会空间中的不平等和强制性关系。在这样做的过程中,该杂志传达并倡导了独立和创业等价值观,这些价值观是罗伯特·孟席斯当代演讲中表达的自由主义意识形态的核心。
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From National Hero to National Problem: The Image of the Worker in Pix (1938–1954)
ABSTRACT Despite its reputation as a frivolous and licentious magazine, Pix (1938–1972) published a large number of documentary photo essays on work and the daily strife of the Australian labourer. More importantly, the popular magazine promoted a stern work ethic, presented as a sign of patriotism and moral virtue. Pix’s politics are hard to pin down insofar as the magazine never endorsed specific parties or social movements; instead, it adopted an apparently neutral stance in relation to political issues, giving equal coverage to the three mainstream parties of the time. If the national narrative of work that Pix glorified was, fundamentally, a bipartisan narrative, was Pix really apolitical and value-free? I say no: the locus of Pix’s politics has to be found in the way the magazine mobilised the discourse of the work ethic. By reducing work to a moral obligation, Pix tended to individualise and normalise waged work, concealing the unequal and coercive relations informing the social space of the factory. In so doing, the magazine conveyed and championed values such as independence and entrepreneurship that were central to the liberal ideology that found expression in Robert Menzies’s contemporary speeches.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.90
自引率
20.00%
发文量
56
期刊介绍: The Journal of Australian Studies (JAS) is the journal of the International Australian Studies Association (InASA). In print since the mid-1970s, in the last few decades JAS has been involved in some of the most important discussion about the past, present and future of Australia. The Journal of Australian Studies is a fully refereed, international quarterly journal which publishes scholarly articles and reviews on Australian culture, society, politics, history and literature. The editorial practice is to promote and include multi- and interdisciplinary work.
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