社会波动与立法稳定

Alexey A. Vedernikov
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摘要

文章揭示了立法变革的客观前提。这些不是澄清和修正,而是反映在民事、劳动、家庭、继承和程序立法方面的重大变化的改革。这通常与取消旧的和采用新的编纂法案有关,但在现代俄罗斯,它与修改和取消大量的法定法案有关。文章举例说明了澳大利亚、奥地利、德国和美国工业立法的稳定性。在发达国家被普遍接受的代际理论是从需要改变立法的角度来分析的。历史分析表明,在可观察到的过去,无论人口浪潮如何,代际变化的问题预先决定了19世纪中期俄罗斯改革的必要性。这在19世纪下半叶的俄罗斯文学中得到了广泛的反映。这篇文章展示了决定需要改变立法的人口浪潮、世代和浪潮之间的差异。假设决定立法变化的浪潮应被视为社会浪潮。对立法进行重大改革的必要性与社会浪潮密切相关。笔者批判了在这种社会浪潮没有必要的情况下,立法不断更新的现状。作者总结了立法不合理频繁变化的负面后果。
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Social Waves and Stability of Legislation
The article reveals the objective prerequisites for the change of legislation. These are not clarifications and amendments, but reforms that are reflected in significant changes in civil, labor, family, inheritance, and procedural legislation. This is usually associated with the cancellation of the old and the adoption of a new codified Act, but in modern Russia, it is associated with the modification and cancellation of a large number of statutory acts. The article illustrates the stability of industry legislation in Australia, Austria, Germany and the USA. The theory of generations, generally accepted in developed countries, is analyzed from the point of view of the need to change legislation. Historical analysis shows that in the observable past, the problem of generational change, regardless of demographic wave, predetermined the need for reforms in Russia in the middle of the 19th century. This is extensively reflected in the Russian literature of the second half of the 19th century. The article shows the differences between demographic waves, generations and waves that determine the need for a change in legislation. It is postulated that the wave that determines the change of legislation should be considered as a social wave. The need for a significant change in legislation is closely connected with social waves. The author criticizes the state of constant legislation updating without the need caused by such a social wave. The author concludes about the negative consequences of unreasonably frequent changes in legislation.
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