连续3天比赛对U16-U19足球运动员垂直起跳、体能感及健康的影响

Moisés Falces Prieto, Javier Raya González, Eduardo Sáez de Villarreal Sáez, Ricardo Martín Moya, Samuel López Mariscal, Francisco Tomás González Férnandez
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摘要

目的:分析连续多场友谊赛对年轻男足球运动员神经肌肉疲劳(CMJ)、回合感知努力率(sRPE)和健康状况的影响。参与者:44名16岁以下(U16)青年男子足球运动员(N= 23;年龄:14.70±0.48岁),U19 (N= 19;年龄:17.63±0.52岁)参加本研究。方法:对比赛前后的CMJ和Wellness进行评价。sRPE记录在每场比赛结束后30分钟。效应量(ES)采用Cohen’s计算,p < 0.05为统计学显著性。结果:[U16组]:最后一次匹配后的CMJ值与第一次(p < 0.001)和第二次(p < 0.001)匹配后的CMJ值差异。两组在疲劳、酸痛和应激方面差异有统计学意义(p<0.05)。[U19组]:将基线值与匹配后值进行比较(p < 0.001),并将最后一次匹配与第一次匹配(p < 0.001)和第二次匹配(p < 0.001)进行比较,观察CMJ的差异。我们只注意到第二组和第三组在睡眠、压力和幽默变量上存在差异(p < 0.05)。结论:在这种年轻球员竞技比赛的情况下,健身教练提出切实可行的解决方案来减少疲劳的积累是很重要的,因为这可能会影响球员的健康状态和身体表现,并可能增加受伤。关键词:足球,肌肉疲劳,问卷,评估,强度负荷。
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Effects of playing three matches consecutive days in U16-U19 soccer players’ vertical jump, rate of perceived exertion and wellness
Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of playing several friendly matches on consecutive days affects neuromuscular fatigue evaluated with countermovement jump (CMJ), session rate of perceived effort (sRPE) and wellness in young male soccer players. Participants: Forty-four young male soccer players from Under 16 (U16) (N= 23; age: 14.70 ± 0.48 years) and U19 (N= 19; age: 17.63 ± 0.52 years) participated in this study. Method: The evaluation of CMJ and Wellness was carried out pre-and post-match. sRPE was recorded 30 minutes after the end of each game. Effect sizes (ES) were calculated using Cohen’s and statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: [U16 group]: differences between CMJ values after the last match and first (p < 0.001) and second (p < 0.001) matches. Differences in fatigue, soreness and stress (p<0.05) were observed. [U19 group]: Differences in CMJ were observed when baseline values were compared with post-match values (p < 0.001) and also when the last match were compared to the first (p < 0.001) and the second (p < 0.001) matches. We only noticed differences between the second and third matches were observed in sleep, stress and humor variables (p < 0.05). Conclusion: In this scenario of competitive tournaments in young players, it is important for fitness coaches to propose practical solutions for reducing the accumulation of fatigue, since this could influence the state of well-being and physical performance of players, and the possible increase on injuries. Key words: Soccer, Muscle Fatigue, Questionarie, Evaluation, Intensity Workload.
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