Electroencephalograph-Based Wheelchair Controlling System for the People with Motor Disability Using Advanced BrainWear

An electroencephalography (EEG)-based wheelchair control system (EEG-WCS) can serve the disabled in their life activities, particularly in assisting them in moving freely. Given the recent evolution of new technology, the disabled can move freely without requiring aid from others and communicate with their community by using advanced smart wheelchairs. In this paper, an EEG-WCS algorithm is proposed for controlling wheelchair movements based on EEG signals. Based on microwave radar sensors, the algorithm allows the wheelchair to avoid obstacles during movement. The EEG-WCS consists of an electric wheelchair, Emotiv INSIGHT brainwear to read brain signals, a DC motor driver for controlling the velocity of the wheelchair, microcontroller, DC motor, and batteries. In addition, the C language can be used to program the system’s controller (microcontroller). Moreover, we classify, explore, and highlight the recent solutions for such systems and compare them in terms of control method, algorithm used, sensor type, accuracy, and response time.