水流与水生植物的相互作用:使用立体粒子图像测速法的实地研究

IF 4.6 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Journal of ecohydraulics Pub Date : 2019-05-23 DOI:10.1080/24705357.2019.1606677
H. Biggs, V. Nikora, C. Gibbins, S. Cameron, K. Papadopoulos, Michael Stewart, S. Fraser, D. Vettori, M. Savio, M. O’Hare, M. Kucher, D. Hicks
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引用次数: 25

摘要

摘要本文报道了毛茛(Ranunculus penicillatus)天然斑块的形态,并利用立体PIV场测量系统对其尾迹进行了高分辨率的流速测量。该斑块长3.80 m,宽1.24 m,导致下游平均速度和湍流度发生实质性变化。在正浮力冠层下,向流平均速度的垂直剖面不是对数的,流动被重定向,增强了尾迹中的垂直湍流混合,并产生了一个很大的速度协方差为正的区域。湍流动能在斑块侧切变层下游增强,但在尾流中心没有增强。斑块下游的光谱显示,湍流既不以细尺度结构为主,也不以大尺度结构为主,这可能是由于流动条件的能量较低,并且在测量域内缺乏发达的涡街。在斑块的上游端观察到沉积,但在浮冠下没有。这项工作的方法和结果将有助于规划其他实地研究。此外,报告的关于大型植物几何和生物计量学的数据将有助于设计用于实验室研究的更真实的复制品。
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Flow interactions with an aquatic macrophyte: a field study using stereoscopic particle image velocimetry
Abstract This paper reports the morphology of a natural patch of Ranunculus penicillatus and presents high-resolution measurements of flow velocities in its wake using a stereoscopic PIV field measurement system. The patch was 3.80 m long, 1.24 m wide and caused substantial changes to downstream mean velocities and turbulence. Vertical profiles of streamwise mean velocity were not logarithmic and flow was redirected under the positively buoyant canopy, enhancing vertical turbulent mixing in the wake and generating a large region where the velocity covariance was positive. Turbulent kinetic energy was enhanced downstream from the patch lateral shear layer, but not at the centre of the wake. Spectra downstream from the patch showed that turbulence was neither dominated by fine-scale nor large-scale structures, likely due to the low energy of the flow conditions and lack of a developed vortex street within the measurement domain. Sedimentation was observed at the upstream end of the patch, but not underneath the floating canopy. The methods and results of this work will be useful for planning other in situ studies. Also, the reported data on macrophyte geometry and biometrics will assist with the design of more realistic replicas for use in laboratory studies.
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