槟榔提取物在非酒精洗手液中作为活性抗菌成分的效力

Dhika Satriawan Fathoni, Ilham Fadhillah, Mujtahid Kaavessina
{"title":"槟榔提取物在非酒精洗手液中作为活性抗菌成分的效力","authors":"Dhika Satriawan Fathoni, Ilham Fadhillah, Mujtahid Kaavessina","doi":"10.20961/EQUILIBRIUM.V3I1.43215","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari efektivitas ekstrak daun sirih sebagai pengganti bahan aktif antibakteri pada hand sanitizer. Ekstrak daun sirih diperoleh dengan cara maserasi daun sirih selama 3x24 jam dalam larutan alkohol 70%. Kadar alkohol pada ekstrak daun sirih hasil maserasi diuapkan dalam vacuum evaporator (T = 60oC) hingga volume ekstrak yang tersisa sekitar 15%. Ekstrak ini digunakan sebagai bahan antibakteri aktif dalam pembuatan gel pembersih tangan. Bahan kimia dasar pembuatan gel seperti karbomer (zat pembentuk gel), propilen glikol (penstabil), gliserin, nipagin dan trietanolamina / TEA (zat alkali) dicampur dan diaduk dalam air suling (sekitar 85 ml) dengan komposisi 0,3 g, 4 ml, 3 ml, 0,02 g dan 0,2 ml, masing-masing. Volume ekstrak yang ditambahkan ke dalam gel divariasikan 8, 10, dan 12 ml. Terakhir, volume hand sanitizer ditambahkan aquades untuk mengatur volumenya 100 ml. Efektivitas dan kualitas hand sanitizer ini dianalisis senyawa aktifnya, keasaman gel (pH), organoleptik, daya hambat pertumbuhan bakteri, dan dispersi gel. Staphylococcus aureus dipilih sebagai bakteri yang diuji karena ditemukan di tangan. Kehadiran saponin, tanin, dan flavonoid terdeteksi secara kualitatif di dalam produk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan ekstrak daun sirih 12 ml (sampel III) memiliki kinerja terbaik pada kisaran konsentrasi ekstrak yang diteliti (8-12 ml). Sampel III memiliki keasaman (pH) dan zona hambat masing-masing sekitar 5 dan 9,78 mm2. Area hambat ini lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan hand sanitizer komersial yang memiliki luas 2,98 mm2. Namun, daya sebar hand sanitizer ini sedikit lebih rendah dibandingkan hand sanitizer komersial (sekitar 167% dan 180%). Uji organoleptik menggambarkan bahwa produk ini dapat diterima di masyarakat karena tidak mengiritasi dalam pemakaian. Produk ini lebih aman sebagai hand sanitizer dibandingkan produk sejenis yang menggunakan alkohol sebagai bahan aktifnya. Abstract. This research aims to study the effectiveness of betel leaf extract as a substitute for antibacterial active ingredients in hand sanitizer. Betel leaf extract is obtained by maceration of betel leaves for 3x24 hours in 70% alcohol solution. The alcohol content in the betel leaf extract from maceration was evaporated in the vacuum evaporator (T = 60oC) until the remaining extract volume was around 15%. This extract is used as an active antibacterial ingredient in making hand sanitizer gel. The basic chemicals of making gels such as carbomer (gelling agent), propylene glycol (stabilizer), glycerin, nipagin and triethanolamine / TEA (alkalizing agent) are mixed and stirred in distilled water (about 85 ml) with compositions of 0.3 g, 4 ml, 3 ml, 0.02 g and 0,2 ml, respectively. The volume of extract added in the gel was varied 8, 10, and 12 ml. Finally, the volume of hand sanitizer was added distilled water to adjust its volume 100 ml. The effectiveness and quality of this hand sanitizer were analyzed its active compounds, gel acidity (pH), organoleptic, the inhibitory ability of bacterial growth, and gel dispersion. Staphylococcus aureus was chosen as the bacteria tested because it found in the hands.  The presence of saponin, tannins, and flavonoids is detected qualitatively in the product. The results showed that adding 12 ml extract of betel leaf (sample III) has the best performance in the studied range of extract concentration (8-12 ml).  Sample III has the acidity (pH) and the inhibitory zone about 5 and 9.78 mm2, respectively. This inhibitory area is higher than that of the commercial hand sanitizer, which has an area of 2.98 mm2. However, the spreadability of this hand sanitizer is slightly lower than that of the commercial one (about 167% and 180%). Organoleptic tests depict that this product is acceptable in the community because it does not irritate in use. This product is safer as hand sanitizer than the similar products that use alcohol as an active ingredient.Keywords : betel leaf, antibacterial, hand sanitizer, Staphylococcus aureus","PeriodicalId":11866,"journal":{"name":"Equilibrium Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2019-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"11","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK DAUN SIRIH SEBAGAI BAHAN AKTIF ANTIBAKTERI DALAM GEL HAND SANITIZER NON-ALKOHOL\",\"authors\":\"Dhika Satriawan Fathoni, Ilham Fadhillah, Mujtahid Kaavessina\",\"doi\":\"10.20961/EQUILIBRIUM.V3I1.43215\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari efektivitas ekstrak daun sirih sebagai pengganti bahan aktif antibakteri pada hand sanitizer. Ekstrak daun sirih diperoleh dengan cara maserasi daun sirih selama 3x24 jam dalam larutan alkohol 70%. Kadar alkohol pada ekstrak daun sirih hasil maserasi diuapkan dalam vacuum evaporator (T = 60oC) hingga volume ekstrak yang tersisa sekitar 15%. Ekstrak ini digunakan sebagai bahan antibakteri aktif dalam pembuatan gel pembersih tangan. Bahan kimia dasar pembuatan gel seperti karbomer (zat pembentuk gel), propilen glikol (penstabil), gliserin, nipagin dan trietanolamina / TEA (zat alkali) dicampur dan diaduk dalam air suling (sekitar 85 ml) dengan komposisi 0,3 g, 4 ml, 3 ml, 0,02 g dan 0,2 ml, masing-masing. Volume ekstrak yang ditambahkan ke dalam gel divariasikan 8, 10, dan 12 ml. Terakhir, volume hand sanitizer ditambahkan aquades untuk mengatur volumenya 100 ml. Efektivitas dan kualitas hand sanitizer ini dianalisis senyawa aktifnya, keasaman gel (pH), organoleptik, daya hambat pertumbuhan bakteri, dan dispersi gel. Staphylococcus aureus dipilih sebagai bakteri yang diuji karena ditemukan di tangan. Kehadiran saponin, tanin, dan flavonoid terdeteksi secara kualitatif di dalam produk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan ekstrak daun sirih 12 ml (sampel III) memiliki kinerja terbaik pada kisaran konsentrasi ekstrak yang diteliti (8-12 ml). Sampel III memiliki keasaman (pH) dan zona hambat masing-masing sekitar 5 dan 9,78 mm2. Area hambat ini lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan hand sanitizer komersial yang memiliki luas 2,98 mm2. Namun, daya sebar hand sanitizer ini sedikit lebih rendah dibandingkan hand sanitizer komersial (sekitar 167% dan 180%). Uji organoleptik menggambarkan bahwa produk ini dapat diterima di masyarakat karena tidak mengiritasi dalam pemakaian. Produk ini lebih aman sebagai hand sanitizer dibandingkan produk sejenis yang menggunakan alkohol sebagai bahan aktifnya. Abstract. This research aims to study the effectiveness of betel leaf extract as a substitute for antibacterial active ingredients in hand sanitizer. Betel leaf extract is obtained by maceration of betel leaves for 3x24 hours in 70% alcohol solution. The alcohol content in the betel leaf extract from maceration was evaporated in the vacuum evaporator (T = 60oC) until the remaining extract volume was around 15%. This extract is used as an active antibacterial ingredient in making hand sanitizer gel. The basic chemicals of making gels such as carbomer (gelling agent), propylene glycol (stabilizer), glycerin, nipagin and triethanolamine / TEA (alkalizing agent) are mixed and stirred in distilled water (about 85 ml) with compositions of 0.3 g, 4 ml, 3 ml, 0.02 g and 0,2 ml, respectively. The volume of extract added in the gel was varied 8, 10, and 12 ml. Finally, the volume of hand sanitizer was added distilled water to adjust its volume 100 ml. The effectiveness and quality of this hand sanitizer were analyzed its active compounds, gel acidity (pH), organoleptic, the inhibitory ability of bacterial growth, and gel dispersion. Staphylococcus aureus was chosen as the bacteria tested because it found in the hands.  The presence of saponin, tannins, and flavonoids is detected qualitatively in the product. The results showed that adding 12 ml extract of betel leaf (sample III) has the best performance in the studied range of extract concentration (8-12 ml).  Sample III has the acidity (pH) and the inhibitory zone about 5 and 9.78 mm2, respectively. This inhibitory area is higher than that of the commercial hand sanitizer, which has an area of 2.98 mm2. However, the spreadability of this hand sanitizer is slightly lower than that of the commercial one (about 167% and 180%). Organoleptic tests depict that this product is acceptable in the community because it does not irritate in use. This product is safer as hand sanitizer than the similar products that use alcohol as an active ingredient.Keywords : betel leaf, antibacterial, hand sanitizer, Staphylococcus aureus\",\"PeriodicalId\":11866,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Equilibrium Journal of Chemical Engineering\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2019-08-26\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"11\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Equilibrium Journal of Chemical Engineering\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.20961/EQUILIBRIUM.V3I1.43215\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Equilibrium Journal of Chemical Engineering","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.20961/EQUILIBRIUM.V3I1.43215","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11

摘要

抽象。本研究旨在研究槟榔提取物在洗手液中代替抗菌活性物质的效力。槟榔提取物是在70%的酒精溶液中通过槟榔叶染色获得的3x24小时。槟榔提取物中的酒精浓度被注入真空器中,直到提取量剩下15%。这种提取物被用作一种活性抗菌制剂,用于手凝胶制造。碳水化合物(碳水化合物)、丙乙醇(稳定剂)、甘油、尼帕金和三分之二茶(碱)混合并在蒸馏水(约85毫升)中搅拌和搅拌,其成分为0.3 g、4毫升、3毫升、0.02 g和0.2毫升。加入凝胶的萃取量增加了8毫升、10毫升和12毫升。最后,增加了aquaizer体积以控制体积100毫升。这些洗手液的有效性和质量分析了活性化合物、酸化凝胶(pH)、有机物质、细菌生长抑制和凝胶分配器。葡萄球菌被选为一种实验性细菌,因为它是在手上发现的。在产品中发现了檀香、单宁和黄酮的性质。研究结果表明,添加12毫升的槟榔提取物(样本III)在研究的浓度范围内(8-12毫升)效果最好。样本III具有酸化和每个消化区,每个消化区约为5和9.78 mm2。这个抑制区域比商用sanitizer的总面积为2.98 mm2。然而,与商用sanitizer(约167%和180%)相比,这种部署手关节的功率略低于商业sanitizer。有机测试表明,这种产品在社区中是可以接受的,因为它不刺激使用。与使用酒精作为活性成分的同类产品相比,这类产品更安全。抽象。这项研究的目的是研究伯特利利叶排泄物的有效性百分之七十的酒精溶液中,由伯特利叶的孕解组织结算了3×24小时。在还不到15%的时候,伯特利立立的立叶合同就已经失效了。这个extract被用作一种活跃的治疗药物,用于制造洗手液凝胶。基本的化学物质的生产方式为石化剂(gelling agent), propylene glycol(稳定器),甘氨酸,nipagin和triethanlamine / TEA(约85毫升)混合在蒸馏水(约85毫升)中,与0.3 g, 4 ml, 3 ml, 0.02和0.2 ml, respevely。extract额外之卷》和《凝胶是varied 8、10和12毫升。终于,手sanitizer之体积是额外的distilled water去调整它的音量显示其与质量》100毫升。这个手sanitizer是analyzed acidity凝胶(pH值),这是一个有源compounds, organoleptic《inhibitory不在乎bacterial增长,凝胶dispersion著作百科全书》。葡萄球菌被认为是一种细菌检测,因为它是在手上发现的。目前的生产资格已确定。结果显示,增加了12毫升的利未记利叶出口量(样本3),最出色的出口量(8-12毫升)。样本III有acidity (pH)和神经抑制剂区5 - 9 - 78 mm2,尊重。这一地区的抑制比商用卫生棉条级别高,这一地区有2.98 mm2。悬臂卫生棉条的分布比商用的低167%和180%。这种产品在社区中是可接受的有机测试,因为它不会被使用。这个产品比用酒精作为一种活跃的信用的类似的产品更安全。肢体语言:利夫·利夫,抗菌药,手退烧药,菌根
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
查看原文
分享 分享
微信好友 朋友圈 QQ好友 复制链接
本刊更多论文
EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK DAUN SIRIH SEBAGAI BAHAN AKTIF ANTIBAKTERI DALAM GEL HAND SANITIZER NON-ALKOHOL
Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari efektivitas ekstrak daun sirih sebagai pengganti bahan aktif antibakteri pada hand sanitizer. Ekstrak daun sirih diperoleh dengan cara maserasi daun sirih selama 3x24 jam dalam larutan alkohol 70%. Kadar alkohol pada ekstrak daun sirih hasil maserasi diuapkan dalam vacuum evaporator (T = 60oC) hingga volume ekstrak yang tersisa sekitar 15%. Ekstrak ini digunakan sebagai bahan antibakteri aktif dalam pembuatan gel pembersih tangan. Bahan kimia dasar pembuatan gel seperti karbomer (zat pembentuk gel), propilen glikol (penstabil), gliserin, nipagin dan trietanolamina / TEA (zat alkali) dicampur dan diaduk dalam air suling (sekitar 85 ml) dengan komposisi 0,3 g, 4 ml, 3 ml, 0,02 g dan 0,2 ml, masing-masing. Volume ekstrak yang ditambahkan ke dalam gel divariasikan 8, 10, dan 12 ml. Terakhir, volume hand sanitizer ditambahkan aquades untuk mengatur volumenya 100 ml. Efektivitas dan kualitas hand sanitizer ini dianalisis senyawa aktifnya, keasaman gel (pH), organoleptik, daya hambat pertumbuhan bakteri, dan dispersi gel. Staphylococcus aureus dipilih sebagai bakteri yang diuji karena ditemukan di tangan. Kehadiran saponin, tanin, dan flavonoid terdeteksi secara kualitatif di dalam produk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan ekstrak daun sirih 12 ml (sampel III) memiliki kinerja terbaik pada kisaran konsentrasi ekstrak yang diteliti (8-12 ml). Sampel III memiliki keasaman (pH) dan zona hambat masing-masing sekitar 5 dan 9,78 mm2. Area hambat ini lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan hand sanitizer komersial yang memiliki luas 2,98 mm2. Namun, daya sebar hand sanitizer ini sedikit lebih rendah dibandingkan hand sanitizer komersial (sekitar 167% dan 180%). Uji organoleptik menggambarkan bahwa produk ini dapat diterima di masyarakat karena tidak mengiritasi dalam pemakaian. Produk ini lebih aman sebagai hand sanitizer dibandingkan produk sejenis yang menggunakan alkohol sebagai bahan aktifnya. Abstract. This research aims to study the effectiveness of betel leaf extract as a substitute for antibacterial active ingredients in hand sanitizer. Betel leaf extract is obtained by maceration of betel leaves for 3x24 hours in 70% alcohol solution. The alcohol content in the betel leaf extract from maceration was evaporated in the vacuum evaporator (T = 60oC) until the remaining extract volume was around 15%. This extract is used as an active antibacterial ingredient in making hand sanitizer gel. The basic chemicals of making gels such as carbomer (gelling agent), propylene glycol (stabilizer), glycerin, nipagin and triethanolamine / TEA (alkalizing agent) are mixed and stirred in distilled water (about 85 ml) with compositions of 0.3 g, 4 ml, 3 ml, 0.02 g and 0,2 ml, respectively. The volume of extract added in the gel was varied 8, 10, and 12 ml. Finally, the volume of hand sanitizer was added distilled water to adjust its volume 100 ml. The effectiveness and quality of this hand sanitizer were analyzed its active compounds, gel acidity (pH), organoleptic, the inhibitory ability of bacterial growth, and gel dispersion. Staphylococcus aureus was chosen as the bacteria tested because it found in the hands.  The presence of saponin, tannins, and flavonoids is detected qualitatively in the product. The results showed that adding 12 ml extract of betel leaf (sample III) has the best performance in the studied range of extract concentration (8-12 ml).  Sample III has the acidity (pH) and the inhibitory zone about 5 and 9.78 mm2, respectively. This inhibitory area is higher than that of the commercial hand sanitizer, which has an area of 2.98 mm2. However, the spreadability of this hand sanitizer is slightly lower than that of the commercial one (about 167% and 180%). Organoleptic tests depict that this product is acceptable in the community because it does not irritate in use. This product is safer as hand sanitizer than the similar products that use alcohol as an active ingredient.Keywords : betel leaf, antibacterial, hand sanitizer, Staphylococcus aureus
求助全文
通过发布文献求助,成功后即可免费获取论文全文。 去求助
来源期刊
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
期刊最新文献
Effectiveness of Activated Carbon from Jackfruit Skin for The Heavy Metal Lead (Pb) Adsorption Using The Langmuir and Freundlich Equations Utilization of Tofu Liquid Waste as Liquid Organic Fertilizer Using the Fermentation Method with Activator Effective Microorganisms 4 (EM-4): A Review Producing Gel With Various Ingredients: a Review Glucose Syrup from Purple Sweet Potatoes (Ipomoea batatas L. Poir) using Acid Hydrolysis Method Simulation of Gas Sweetening Process using Extended NRTL and Stages Efficiency as Modeling Approach
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
已复制链接
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
×
扫码分享
扫码分享
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1