民族自豪感对总统信任的中介作用(以俄罗斯为例)

IF 2.9 1区 哲学 Q1 ETHICS Journal of Political Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-03-20 DOI:10.30570/2078-5089-2023-108-1-126-140
N. S. Zubarev
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引用次数: 0

摘要

非民主国家的领导人如何保持民众的支持?现代政治科学中最流行的解释之一是,非民主国家的人民投票给现任者,并且通常对他们持积极态度,因为后者拥有最大限度的资源,可以用来改善人民的生活。然而,这种解释模型忽略了政治行为的表达成分。与此同时,专制国家的公民可以真诚地表达对现任统治者的声援。社会认同理论揭示了问题的这一面,为政治支持的机制提供了另一种解释。国家认同是社会认同的一种形式,它塑造了人们对国家完美代表的期望、规范和行为模式。专制国家的具体特征促使公民采取有助于维持现状的行为和态度。此外,由于普通人在决定支持哪位政治家时,往往很难理性地评估政府的实际表现,并正确地将社会、政治和经济结果的责任归到哪位政治家身上,选民往往会根据自己对生活的满意度,使用认知上的“捷径”。本文提出了一个假设,即民族自豪感在主观幸福感和政治支持水平(通过对总统的信任来运作)之间发挥中介作用。作者利用调查数据对这一假设进行了检验,发现民族自豪感的中介作用确实存在,但只是部分的。分析的结果表明,主观幸福感对现任者的支持有积极的影响,直接和通过增加的民族自豪感。
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National Pride as Mediator of Trust in President (Case of Russia)
How do leaders of non-democratic states retain support of the population? One of the most popular explanations in the modern Political Science suggests that people in non-democratic countries vote for incumbents and generally have a positive attitude towards them, because the latter possess maximum access to resources that can potentially be directed to improve the lives of the people. However, such an explanatory model leaves out the expressive component of political behavior. Meanwhile, citizens of authoritarian countries can sincerely express solidarity with the current rulers. The theory of social identity reveals this side of the problem, offering alternative explanations for the mechanisms of political support. National identity as one of the forms of social identity shapes expectations, norms and patterns of behavior that are associated with the idea of a perfect representative of the nation. The specific characteristics of authoritarian states nudge citizens towards behavior and attitudes that contribute to maintaining the status quo. Moreover, since it is often difficult for an average person to rationally assess the actual performance of government and correctly attribute responsibility for social, political, and economic outcomes when deciding which politician to support, voters tend to use cognitive “shortcuts” based on their own satisfaction with life. The article proposes a hypothesis that national pride plays the role of a mediator between subjective well-being and the level of political support (operationalized via trust in president). The author tested this hypothesis using survey data and reveled that the mediation effect of pride for the nation is indeed present, however, it is partial. The results of the analysis indicate that subjective well-being has a positive effect on the support of the incumbent, both directly and through an increased national pride.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
5.60%
发文量
17
期刊介绍: The Journal of Political Philosophy is an international journal devoted to the study of theoretical issues arising out of moral, legal and political life. It welcomes, and hopes to foster, work cutting across a variety of disciplinary concerns, among them philosophy, sociology, history, economics and political science. The journal encourages new approaches, including (but not limited to): feminism; environmentalism; critical theory, post-modernism and analytical Marxism; social and public choice theory; law and economics, critical legal studies and critical race studies; and game theoretic, socio-biological and anthropological approaches to politics. It also welcomes work in the history of political thought which builds to a larger philosophical point and work in the philosophy of the social sciences and applied ethics with broader political implications. Featuring a distinguished editorial board from major centres of thought from around the globe, the journal draws equally upon the work of non-philosophers and philosophers and provides a forum of debate between disparate factions who usually keep to their own separate journals.
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