Surface temperature analysis of conventional roof and different use forms of the green roof

In the last decades, the interest towards climate change mitigation and urban climate resilience is growing, green roofs are gaining importance and a wide body of research has been published to ameliorate their performances and to investigate their benefi ts in different climates (Köhler, Schmidt, Grimme, Laar, Paiva & Tavares, 2002; Wong, Chen, Ong & Sia, 2003; Susca, 2019). Depending on the development and requirements for irrigation, there are two types of green roofs: extensive and intensive. Extensive green roofs, also known as ecological or light roofs, have a substrate layer with a thickness of 2–15 cm (Carter & Keeler, 2008; FLL, 2008; Castleton, Stovin, Beck & Davison, 2010; Karczmarczyk, Baryła & Kożuchowski, 2017). They require minimal or no irrigation and are usually planted from moss, succulents, grasses and some herbaceous plants (Dunnett & Kingsbury, 2004; Oberndorfer et al., 2007; Burszta-Adamiak, Fudali, Łomotowski & Kolasińska, 2019). This type of green roofs is the most widely used and they can be installed on most roofs. The disadvantage of extensive roofs is their smaller retention capacity and faster drying compared to intense roofs (Stovin, Vesuviano & Kasmin, 2012). In intensive greenery with a larger substrate thickness (above 20 cm), low and high development can be distinguished. In low greenery, low plants are used, such as perennials, shrubs, grasses and, to a limited extent, dwarf tree varieties. In contrast, in intensive high greening all types of plants are used, including perennials, shrubs, grasses and occasional coniferous and deciduous trees. Both types of intensive gardens require labour-intensive care, Scientifi c Review – Engineering and Environmental Sciences (2019), 28 (4), 632–640 Sci. Rev. Eng. Env. Sci. (2019), 28 (4) Przegląd Naukowy – Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska (2019), 28 (4), 632–640 Prz. Nauk. Inż. Kszt. Środ. (2019), 28 (4) http://iks.pn.sggw.pl DOI 10.22630/PNIKS.2019.28.4.57