Investigation of butadiene-elastomer-based high modulus materials reinforced by basalt, glass, and carbon fabrics

A relevant task in improving the properties of elastomers is to increase their strength and stiffness, which affect the reliability and durability of rubber products. The paper presents a technology for manufacturing high-modulus materials based on SKD-V butadiene rubber and reinforcing layers of fabrics from basalt, glass, and carbon fibers. The results of studying elastic strength properties reveal a significant increase in the ultimate strength of reinforced samples in comparison with an unmodified elastomer. The increase in tensile strength varies from 1.7 to 2.8 times. The addition of reinforcing layers reduced the elongation value by 25 to 47 times compared to rubber without reinforcement. High tensile strength and low elongation increase shear resistance. The wear resistance testing of elastomers coated with reinforcing fabrics shows a decrease in abrasion resistance reduced by a factor of 5.8. Abrasion wear and interaction between the reinforcing filler and the polymer are studied by electron microscopy. The study of the microstructure shows a weak contact between the fiber and the elastomeric matrix. Lack of contact during the abrasion process causes destruction of the fibers on the abrasive surface and their further separation. Due to the combination of high tensile strength and low elongation, the reinforced materials obtain high modulus properties combined with lateral mobility.