Self-organization under Nonequilibrium and Open Systems

: Self-organization under nonequilibrium and open systems was reviewed using self-pro-pelled motors of which driving force is the difference in the surface tension. If nonlinearity is intro-duced into the self-propelled systems, autonomy of self-propelled objects is enhanced, and characteris-tic features of self-organization such as pattern formation, oscillation, synchronization, and bifurcation are produced. In this review, I would like to explain the mechanism of self-organized motion in various self-propelled systems.