Thales Castilhos de Freitas, Gustavo Crizel Gomes, Artur Ramos Molina, Ernestino de Souza Gomes Guarino, Cristiano Agra Iserhard, R. Beltrame
{"title":"在巴西南部的农业休耕区,人工栖木增加了鸟类介导的种子雨","authors":"Thales Castilhos de Freitas, Gustavo Crizel Gomes, Artur Ramos Molina, Ernestino de Souza Gomes Guarino, Cristiano Agra Iserhard, R. Beltrame","doi":"10.5194/we-22-59-2022","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. One of the main barriers to restoration is the arrival of diaspores in degraded areas. However, this process can be hampered in open areas without\ntrees in the landscape. For that, artificial perches are used to attract and provide a landing area for avian seed dispersers, to enhance seed\nrain. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of the distance of artificial perches in relation to a forest fragment on the diversity and\ncomposition of seed rain in an agricultural fallow area, including alien invasive plant species. We also aimed to record and characterize the bird\nspecies that potentially act as seed dispersers. Thus, we used artificial perches at three different distances from a forest fragment (5, 25, and\n50 m). Four seed traps were arranged under the perches at each distance, and four control seed traps were interspersed with these and distanced at 7.5 m. Furthermore, we placed four seed traps inside the forest fragment at 5 m from the edge. We also carried out 80 h of focal observation of the avifauna that used artificial perches. A total of 24 655 seeds were sampled across all treatments. There was a significant difference in seed abundance and richness between artificial perches, control seed traps, and forest seed traps. Seed deposition increased with distance from the forest fragment (50, 25, and 5 m). An ordination procedure indicated the formation of three plant seed communities, with the forest community being most distinct. The invasive exotic species Pittosporum undulatum (Australian cheesewood) was the third most abundant in the seed rain. We observed 24 bird species from 12 families using artificial perches. The Tyrannidae family was the most represented. We showed that artificial perches are efficient structures for attracting birds, increasing the richness and abundance of seed species. Artificial perches at 25 and 50 m were more efficient possibly due to the provision of greater visibility for birds. Therefore, artificial perches are efficient in increasing seed rain in the fallow area but should be used with caution in landscapes with the presence of alien species. These findings contribute to increasing knowledge about overcoming the first barrier to ecological restoration, which is the arrival of diaspores in degraded areas, and\nshowing the importance of birds in this process.\n","PeriodicalId":54320,"journal":{"name":"Web Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Artificial perches increase bird-mediated seed rain in agricultural fallow area in southern Brazil\",\"authors\":\"Thales Castilhos de Freitas, Gustavo Crizel Gomes, Artur Ramos Molina, Ernestino de Souza Gomes Guarino, Cristiano Agra Iserhard, R. Beltrame\",\"doi\":\"10.5194/we-22-59-2022\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Abstract. One of the main barriers to restoration is the arrival of diaspores in degraded areas. However, this process can be hampered in open areas without\\ntrees in the landscape. For that, artificial perches are used to attract and provide a landing area for avian seed dispersers, to enhance seed\\nrain. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of the distance of artificial perches in relation to a forest fragment on the diversity and\\ncomposition of seed rain in an agricultural fallow area, including alien invasive plant species. We also aimed to record and characterize the bird\\nspecies that potentially act as seed dispersers. Thus, we used artificial perches at three different distances from a forest fragment (5, 25, and\\n50 m). Four seed traps were arranged under the perches at each distance, and four control seed traps were interspersed with these and distanced at 7.5 m. Furthermore, we placed four seed traps inside the forest fragment at 5 m from the edge. We also carried out 80 h of focal observation of the avifauna that used artificial perches. A total of 24 655 seeds were sampled across all treatments. There was a significant difference in seed abundance and richness between artificial perches, control seed traps, and forest seed traps. Seed deposition increased with distance from the forest fragment (50, 25, and 5 m). An ordination procedure indicated the formation of three plant seed communities, with the forest community being most distinct. The invasive exotic species Pittosporum undulatum (Australian cheesewood) was the third most abundant in the seed rain. We observed 24 bird species from 12 families using artificial perches. The Tyrannidae family was the most represented. We showed that artificial perches are efficient structures for attracting birds, increasing the richness and abundance of seed species. Artificial perches at 25 and 50 m were more efficient possibly due to the provision of greater visibility for birds. 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Artificial perches increase bird-mediated seed rain in agricultural fallow area in southern Brazil
Abstract. One of the main barriers to restoration is the arrival of diaspores in degraded areas. However, this process can be hampered in open areas without
trees in the landscape. For that, artificial perches are used to attract and provide a landing area for avian seed dispersers, to enhance seed
rain. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of the distance of artificial perches in relation to a forest fragment on the diversity and
composition of seed rain in an agricultural fallow area, including alien invasive plant species. We also aimed to record and characterize the bird
species that potentially act as seed dispersers. Thus, we used artificial perches at three different distances from a forest fragment (5, 25, and
50 m). Four seed traps were arranged under the perches at each distance, and four control seed traps were interspersed with these and distanced at 7.5 m. Furthermore, we placed four seed traps inside the forest fragment at 5 m from the edge. We also carried out 80 h of focal observation of the avifauna that used artificial perches. A total of 24 655 seeds were sampled across all treatments. There was a significant difference in seed abundance and richness between artificial perches, control seed traps, and forest seed traps. Seed deposition increased with distance from the forest fragment (50, 25, and 5 m). An ordination procedure indicated the formation of three plant seed communities, with the forest community being most distinct. The invasive exotic species Pittosporum undulatum (Australian cheesewood) was the third most abundant in the seed rain. We observed 24 bird species from 12 families using artificial perches. The Tyrannidae family was the most represented. We showed that artificial perches are efficient structures for attracting birds, increasing the richness and abundance of seed species. Artificial perches at 25 and 50 m were more efficient possibly due to the provision of greater visibility for birds. Therefore, artificial perches are efficient in increasing seed rain in the fallow area but should be used with caution in landscapes with the presence of alien species. These findings contribute to increasing knowledge about overcoming the first barrier to ecological restoration, which is the arrival of diaspores in degraded areas, and
showing the importance of birds in this process.
Web EcologyAgricultural and Biological Sciences-Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
6
审稿时长
17 weeks
期刊介绍:
Web Ecology (WE) is an open-access journal issued by the European Ecological Federation (EEF) representing the ecological societies within Europe and associated members. Its special value is to serve as a publication forum for national ecological societies that do not maintain their own society journal. Web Ecology publishes papers from all fields of ecology without any geographic restriction. It is a forum to communicate results of experimental, theoretical, and descriptive studies of general interest to an international audience. Original contributions, short communications, and reviews on ecological research on all kinds of organisms and ecosystems are welcome as well as papers that express emerging ideas and concepts with a sound scientific background.