Utility of N-Bromosuccinimide as a Green Chemical Reagent for Determination of H2-Receptor Antagonists in their Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms

Abstract An environmentally safe, simple and robust spectrophotometric method has been developed for determination of H2-receptor antagonists namely: cimetidine (CIM), famotidine (FAM), nizatidine (NIZ), and ranitidine hydrochloride (RAN). The method was depend on the reaction of the studied drugs with N-bromosuccinimide (NBS), environmentally friendly reagent, and the excess NBS was measured by its reaction with phloroglucinol to give a yellow chromogenic product (λmax at 435 nm). The absorption intensity decrease (ΔA) was correlated with drug concentrations in the sample solutions. By using of the optimum conditions, linear calibration curves with good correlation coefficients (0.9958–0.9998) were found between the measured ΔA values and the corresponding drugs concentrations in the range of 12-80 μg mL−1. Limits of detection were in the range 1.31-2.21 μg mL−1. The proposed method was validated and successfully applied for the analysis of the above mentioned drugs in their bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms with good recoveries (98.5 ± 0.98 to 102.5 ± 0.79%). No interferences were obtained from the common excipients. The proposed method was successfully applied for the analysis of H2RAs in their dosage forms and the results were comparable with that obtained by the official methods.