余热回收系统热方案参数的数值模拟

Y. Burda, Y. Pivnenko, I. Redko, A. Cherednik, О. Priymak
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摘要

1964年至1966年,在堪察加半岛地热矿床的开发中首次提出了混合动力发电厂。该机组由两个回路组成,其中一个使用温度高达200°C,水蒸气干燥度为5%的汽轮机,另一个使用容量为5兆瓦的R12制冷剂的涡轮机。电力为12兆瓦。混合动力发电厂也用于冶金、水泥和玻璃行业,这些行业使用的废气温度高达350°C。设计计算的一个特点是一些初始数据,特别是具体成本指标在未来寿命期间变化的不确定性。现有的经验和对涡轮流动部件开发方法的分析表明,根据工作体的膨胀程度和费用选择相应的流动部件类型。对三回路热回路(放电温度为350℃)的计算研究表明,提高工作流体的参数并不总是合理的。增加涡轮上的热降导致涡轮级数的增加,但工作流体的成本不足以放弃部分驱动。一维计算并不能完整地反映涡轮流动部分的流动情况,由于叶片高度低,偏心程度高,会造成二次流和工质流动的较大损失。结果还允许我们得出结论,最合适的是实施双回路热方案和增加工液的消耗。增加电路元件的数量及其连接的可能组合,扩大初始数据的变化范围,系统性和不确定性因素大大使热电路最终版本的选择复杂化。
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Numerical simulation of parameters of the thermal scheme of the waste heat recovery system
Hybrid power plants were first proposed in the development of geothermal deposits in Kamchatka in 1964-66. The unit consists of two circuits, which use a steam turbine with a temperature of up to 200 ° C, with a degree of dryness of water vapor is 5% and a turbine on R12 refrigerant with a capacity of 5 MW. Electric power is 12 MW. Hybrid power plants are also used in metallurgy, cement and glass industries where the heat of exhaust gases with temperatures up to 350 ° C is used. A feature of the design calculations is the uncertainty of changes during the future life of some of the initial data, in particular, specific cost indicators. The available experience and the analysis of approaches to development of flowing parts of turbines have shown that depending on degree of expansion and expenses of working bodies the corresponding type of flowing part is chosen. The calculated studies of the three-circuit thermal circuit (at a discharge temperature of 350 ° C) showed that increasing the parameters of the working fluids is not always rational. Increasing the heat drop on the turbine leads to an increase in the number of turbine stages, but the cost of the working fluid is not enough to abandon the partial drive. The one-dimensional calculation does not show a complete picture of the flow in the flowing part of the turbine, which will have large losses from secondary flows and flows of the working fluid due to the low height of the blades and a high degree of partiality. The results also allow us to conclude that the most appropriate is the implementation of a double-circuit thermal scheme and increase the consumption of working fluids. Increasing the number of circuit elements and possible combinations of their connections, expanding the range of changes in the initial data, factors of systemicity and uncertainty significantly complicate the choice of the final version of the thermal circuit.
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