新冠肺炎时代佩戴口罩的挑战与负面影响

Challenges Pub Date : 2022-12-19 DOI:10.3390/challe13020067
Francis Gyapong, Ethel Debrah, Maame Oforiwaa, A. Isawumi, L. Mosi
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引用次数: 8

摘要

背景:使用口罩是世卫组织COVID-19预防方案的重要组成部分。虽然它们的使用是有效的,但个人缺乏坚持与不适和不良副作用有关。这可能会促进不必要的SARS-CoV-2病毒暴露,从而增加COVID-19的发病率。这项研究评估了长期佩戴口罩的副作用,并为当前和未来的大流行提出了建议。方法:采用结构化谷歌Forms在线问卷,对2021年11月至2022年2月期间口罩的不良反应进行评估。这项调查的对象是世界各地经常和偶尔使用口罩的人。所有应答者都匿名完成了调查,其中包括10个结构化问题,其中有一个关于持续使用口罩的影响的小节。对得到的信息进行描述性统计分析,并以图表的形式显示数据。结果:2136名参与者中,近60%(1243人)表示在使用口罩时感到不适。呼吸困难和耳朵周围疼痛被认为是不适的主要原因,分别占32%和22%。26.8%(572)的受访者报告头痛,44.6%的受访者在戴口罩后1小时内出现头痛。998名(908名)受访者经历了鼻腔不适,而412人报告了各种与皮肤有关的不适,包括口腔周围过度出汗和痤疮。结论:这项研究提供了关于为什么使用口罩的依从性较低的基线数据,包括头痛、皮肤刺激、耳痛、呼吸困难、喉咙痛、眼睛干涩和口周出汗增加。因此,这可能会增加感染的风险。尽管COVID-19仍在持续,未来仍需对其不良影响进行管理,但开发出一种注重安全性、舒适性和耐受性的优质口罩设计至关重要。
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Challenges and Adverse Effects of Wearing Face Masks in the COVID-19 Era
Background: The use of face masks was a significant part of the WHO COVID-19 preventive protocols. While their usage has been effective, lack of adherence by individuals has been associated with discomfort and adverse side effects. This might facilitate unnecessary exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, thereby increasing the incidence of COVID-19. This study assessed the side effects of prolonged mask-wearing and offers recommendations for present and future pandemics. Methods: Adverse side effects of face masks were evaluated from November 2021 to February 2022 with a structured Google Forms online questionnaire. The survey targeted regular and occasional face mask users around the world. All responders anonymously completed the survey, which included ten structured questions with a sub-section on the effects of the continuous use of face masks. The information obtained was analyzed using descriptive statistics, and the data were presented in graphs. Results: Almost 60% (1243) of the 2136 participants indicated discomfort while using face masks. Breathing difficulties and pain around the ears were cited as major causes of discomfort, accounting for 32% and 22%, respectively, of responses. Headaches were reported by 26.8% (572) of the respondents, with 44.6% experiencing one within 1 h of wearing a mask. Nine hundred and eight (908) respondents experienced nasal discomfort, while 412 individuals reported various skin-related discomfort, including excessive sweating around the mouth and acne. Conclusions: This study provides baseline data as to why there was less adherence to face mask use which includes headaches, skin irritation, ear pains, breathing difficulties, sore throat, dry eyes, and increased sweating around the mouth. As a result, this may contribute to an increased risk of infection. While COVID-19 lingers and the management of its undesirable effects persists into the future, it is vital that a superior mask design, concentrating on safety, comfort, and tolerability, be developed.
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