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Safe Space for Dialogue—A Practice for Connected Consciousness and Compassion 对话的安全空间--连通意识和同情心的实践
Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.3390/challe15030036
Bianca Briciu, Sergio Michel, Rosario Chavez
This paper analyzes Safe Space for Dialogue as a group practice for accessing connected consciousness through the safe expression of emotional experience, empathic listening, and compassionate witnessing. It highlights the importance of connected consciousness to overcome architectures of separation that breed fear, isolation, domination, and instrumentalization of relationships. Connected consciousness is an intersubjective, relational experience that makes possible connection, compassion, and empathic and generative dialogue. This article offers an outline of the main qualities of connected consciousness—safety, empathy and compassion, attunement, and resonance; it analyzes how the practice of Safe Space for Dialogue develops expanded awareness and compassion, supporting participants’ access to the connected consciousness.
本文分析了 "安全对话空间 "作为一种通过安全表达情感体验、移情聆听和同情见证来获得联结意识的团体实践。它强调了连通意识对于克服滋生恐惧、孤立、支配和将人际关系工具化的分离结构的重要性。联结意识是一种主体间的、关系性的体验,它使联结、同情、共情和生成性对话成为可能。本文概述了连通意识的主要特质--安全、同理心和同情心、调适和共鸣;分析了 "对话安全空间 "实践如何发展扩展意识和同情心,支持参与者进入连通意识。
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引用次数: 0
From Life-Skills Research and Training to Sustainability: A Case Study from a Spanish University 从生活技能研究和培训到可持续性:西班牙一所大学的案例研究
Pub Date : 2024-07-08 DOI: 10.3390/challe15030035
Pilar Posadas de Julián, Carmen Verdejo Lucas, Belén de Rueda Villén, María del Mar Haro-Soler, José Gijón-Puerta, Elvira Cámara Aguilera, Mercedes García de Quesada
We are currently facing a potential ‘polycrisis’, a critical inflection point that requires a holistic response aimed at building collective foresight and preparedness for short-, medium-, and long-term risks. The role of higher education institutions and social stakeholders is decisive for sustainability goals. This paper presents a case study where academia, governance, and industry have aligned to challenge, inspire, and encourage universities to enhance student growth and bind macro-scale measures leading to a sustainable future. A teaching innovation project has served as a transforming lever, in combination with the private sector, to create a platform that reaches more than 50,000 undergraduate students and teaching staff. This structure, rooted in the 2031 Strategic Plan of the University of Granada, has also served to channel local and regional initiatives, establish effective partnerships with broad social members, raise awareness, and promote actions to advance in the pursuit of Sustainable Development Goals. A comprehensive overview is provided, which details its chronology, materials, results, challenges, impact, and descriptions of the various courses, programs, and actions. The paper concludes with recommendations for future research, policy and cooperation among stakeholders.
我们目前正面临着潜在的 "多重危机",这是一个关键的拐点,需要我们采取全 面的应对措施,建立集体的前瞻性,为短期、中期和长期风险做好准备。高等教育机构和社会利益相关者的作用对实现可持续发展目标具有决定性意义。本文介绍了一个案例研究,在这个案例中,学术界、管理部门和产业界联合起来,挑战、激励和鼓励大学促进学生的成长,并采取宏观措施,实现可持续发展的未来。一个教学创新项目发挥了变革杠杆的作用,与私营部门相结合,创建了一个覆盖 50,000 多名本科生和教职员工的平台。这一结构植根于格拉纳达大学的 2031 年战略计划,还有助于引导地方和区域倡议,与广大社会成员建立有效的伙伴关系,提高认识,并促进采取行动,推动实现可持续发展目标。本文提供了一份全面的概述,详细介绍了该计划的时间顺序、材料、成果、挑战、影响以及各种课程、计划和行动的说明。文件最后就未来的研究、政策和利益攸关方之间的合作提出了建议。
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引用次数: 0
Supporting Ageing Populations in Developing Countries: A Comparative Analysis of Pension Schemes and Policy Insights 支持发展中国家的老龄人口:养老金计划比较分析与政策启示
Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.3390/challe15020027
Tual Sawn Khai, Jacob Oppong Nkansah, Abdul Wali Khan, Muhammad Asaduzzaman
The rapid growth of the elderly population is a major global demographic and social issue. Unfortunately, there is a shortage of pension plans and social security programmes for this population in developing countries, which has severe consequences for their quality of life and well-being. In this article, we aim to better understand the pension systems in developing country contexts such as Ghana, Pakistan, and Myanmar by reviewing official government materials (for example, pension reports) and the published literature to suggest relevant policy recommendations. We observed several policy implementation gaps and inequities in pension schemes for older people, specifically for informal and private sector workers. Considering the size of formal versus informal economies and the level of development index of each country, we suggest a wide variety of options for pension policies, financing, designing cash benefits, and pension payments to cover all older citizens. This article addresses the unmet needs of the elderly and their wider economic sustainability to ensure social justice and resource utilisation. Governments in developing countries should embrace and establish unique, inclusive, and friendly policies encompassing the informal sector to warrant older adults’ functional and social well-being with dignity and honour.
老年人口的快速增长是一个重大的全球人口和社会问题。遗憾的是,发展中国家缺乏针对老年人口的养老金计划和社会保障方案,这对他们的生活质量和福祉造成了严重影响。在本文中,我们旨在通过审查政府官方材料(如养老金报告)和已发表的文献,更好地了解加纳、巴基斯坦和缅甸等发展中国家的养老金制度,从而提出相关的政策建议。我们注意到在老年人养老金计划中存在一些政策执行差距和不公平现象,特别是针对非正规部门和私营部门工人的养老金计划。考虑到正规经济与非正规经济的规模以及每个国家的发展指数水平,我们建议在养老金政策、融资、设计现金福利和养老金支付方面有多种选择,以覆盖所有老年公民。本文探讨了老年人未得到满足的需求及其更广泛的经济可持续性,以确保社会公正和资源利用。发展中国家的政府应拥护并制定包括非正规部门在内的独特、包容和友好的政策,以保障老年人的功能和社会福祉,使其享有尊严和荣誉。
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引用次数: 0
A New Vision for Challenges: A Transdisciplinary Journal Promoting Planetary Health and Flourishing for All 挑战的新视野:跨学科期刊:促进全人类的行星健康与繁荣
Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.3390/challe15020026
Susan L. Prescott, David Webb
Since its inception in 2010, Challenges has had a strong interdisciplinary focus on sustainability and global challenges, including many important contributions to advances in renewable energies, biodiversity, food security, climate change, urban and rural development, green design, and the interrelated implications for human and environmental health [...]
自 2010 年创办以来,《挑战》一直以可持续发展和全球挑战为主要的跨学科重点,包括对可再生能源、生物多样性、粮食安全、气候变化、城市和农村发展、绿色设计以及对人类和环境健康的相互关联影响等方面的许多重要贡献 [...] 。
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引用次数: 0
Unlocking the Transformative Potential of Outdoor Office Work—A Constructivist Grounded Theory Study 释放户外办公室工作的变革潜力--建构主义基础理论研究
Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.3390/challe15020025
Charlotte Petersson Troije, Ebba Lisberg Jensen, David Redmalm, Lena Wiklund Gustin
White-collar workers around the world are reconfiguring their ways of working. Some have found their way out, performing office work outdoors, through walk-and-talks, outdoor meetings, or reading sessions. Working outdoors has proved both invigorating and challenging. This qualitative interview study aims to develop a conceptual framework concerning the implications of white-collar workers incorporating the outdoors into their everyday work life. Applying a constructivist grounded theory approach, 27 interviews with a total of 15 participants were systematically analyzed. Findings evolved around the following categories: practicing outdoor office work, challenging the taken-for-granted, enjoying freedom and disconnection, feeling connected and interdependent, promoting health and well-being, enhancing performance, and finally adding a dimension to work. These categories were worked into a conceptual model, building on the dynamic relationship between the practice of working outdoors on one hand, and how this challenges the system in which office work traditionally takes place on the other. Interviews reflected the profound learning process of the employees. Drawing on the concepts of free space and resonance, we demonstrate how performing office work outdoors may unlock a transformative potential by opening up connectedness and interdependence and contribute to a sustainable work life as well as overall sustainable development.
世界各地的白领正在重新配置他们的工作方式。一些人找到了自己的出路,通过散步和谈话、户外会议或读书会等方式,在户外开展办公室工作。事实证明,户外工作既令人振奋,又充满挑战。这项定性访谈研究旨在就白领将户外活动融入日常工作生活的影响建立一个概念框架。研究采用建构主义基础理论方法,对总共 15 名参与者的 27 次访谈进行了系统分析。研究结果围绕以下几个方面展开:实践户外办公、挑战理所当然、享受自由和断开连接、感受联系和相互依存、促进健康和幸福、提高绩效,最后是为工作增添一个维度。这些类别被纳入一个概念模型,一方面是户外工作实践之间的动态关系,另一方面是户外工作如何挑战传统的办公室工作体系。访谈反映了员工深刻的学习过程。借鉴自由空间和共振的概念,我们展示了在户外开展办公室工作如何通过开放联系和相互依存来释放变革潜力,并为可持续的工作生活和整体可持续发展做出贡献。
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引用次数: 0
The Case for Multidisciplinary Frameworks for Developing Effective Solutions to Complex Human Problems: An Illustration Based on Development Education, Corporate Social Responsibility and Social Marketing 为复杂的人类问题制定有效解决方案的多学科框架案例:基于发展教育、企业社会责任和社会营销的说明
Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.3390/challe15020024
C. Fourali
Education, especially development education (DE), and a number of socially focused disciplines, including corporate social responsibility (CSR) and social marketing (SM), have long been targeted by policy makers for deriving advice on the ‘wisdom’ of levelling up differences and addressing sources of disadvantages at individual, group and/or regional levels. Additionally, the combined wisdom of such disciplines can also be a great source of advice to effectively address perennial universal problems. This paper is conceptual in nature with a multidisciplinary outlook. It contrasts DE, CSR and SM, with the view to deriving common grounds as well as strengths and areas for further development that can produce more comprehensive explanations and solutions to social problems. Such inclusive, more comprehensive explanations would help advise social-cause-focused workers, including researchers, learners and policy makers, about how each discipline can contribute to the resolution of multifaceted problems, the so-called ‘wicked problems’, that each discipline may not be fully equipped to address. The method of analysis used is an adjusted version of critical discourse analysis. It is used to explore the disciplines at four levels, namely definitional, philosophical, methodological and performance levels, thus giving a comprehensive view of each discipline’s nature, philosophical outlook, methodology and perceived efficacy in achieving its aims. The derived arguments also benefitted from comments provided by seven experienced representatives from the three disciplines. Overall, the outcomes suggest a relative maturity of critical ability in DE but also more effective and efficient methodological and evaluative perspectives in CSR and SM. Although the outcome of the analysis is open for debate, it nevertheless suggests several opportunities for mutual learning at all four levels. The paper suggests a novel integrated ‘supra-level’ framework that may help workers, in these three areas of knowledge, gain valuable insights from each of the three disciplines and highlight valuable opportunities for capitalising on their respective strengths.
教育,特别是发展教育(DE),以及一些以社会为重点的学科,包括企业社会责任 (CSR)和社会营销(SM),长期以来一直是政策制定者的目标,他们从这些学科中汲取建 议,在个人、群体和/或地区层面拉平差异和消除不利因素的 "智慧"。此外,这些学科的综合智慧也是有效解决长期存在的普遍问题的重要建议来源。本文从多学科的角度进行了概念性的阐述。它对发展、企业社会责任和可持续管理进行了对比,以期得出共同点、优势和有待进一步发展的领域,从而为社会问题提供更全面的解释和解决方案。这种包容性更强、更全面的解释将有助于向研究人员、学习者和政策制定者等关注社会原因的工作者提供建议,使他们了解各学科如何为解决多方面的问题(即所谓的 "恶性问题")做出贡献,而这些问题可能是每个学科都无法完全解决的。所使用的分析方法是经过调整的批判性话语分析。该方法从定义、哲学、方法论和绩效四个层面对各学科进行了探讨,从而全面了解了各学科的性质、哲学观、方法论以及实现其目标的预期效果。三个学科的七位经验丰富的代表也对得出的论点发表了意见。总体而言,分析结果表明,发展教育的批判能力相对成熟,而企业社会责任和高级管理的方法论和评价视角则更加有效和高效。尽管分析结果有待商榷,但它为所有四个层面的相互学习提供了若干机会。本文提出了一个新颖的 "超层面 "综合框架,可以帮助这三个知识领域的工作者从这三个学科中的每一个学科获得宝贵的见解,并突出利用各自优势的宝贵机会。
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引用次数: 0
The Folly of Food Waste amidst Food Insecurity in the United States: A Literature Review 在美国粮食不安全的情况下浪费粮食的愚蠢行为:文献综述
Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.3390/challe15020021
Michael F. Royer
Food insecurity is an economic and social condition that involves individuals having limited or uncertain access to healthy food. Despite the well-intentioned efforts of both governmental and not-for-profit organizations in addressing food insecurity, well over one-in-ten households in the U.S., the wealthiest nation in the world, experience food insecurity every year. The objective of this literature review was to identify and explicate the methods and outcomes of food insecurity interventions that have been conducted among U.S. adults. This literature review identified 38 studies detailing several government programs and research interventions designed to address food insecurity. Results from the review highlight how the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), The Emergency Food Assistance Program (TEFAP), and not-for profit food banks have demonstrated success in improving food insecurity. However, the prevalence of food insecurity among U.S. households has fluctuated without any sustained decreases that achieve a food insecurity rate that remains below 10 percent of the population. Food waste, which refers to food that is edible yet discarded at the retail or consumption phases, is rampant in the U.S., as approximately 30 percent (66.5 million tons) of edible food is wasted after leaving the farm every year. Food waste prevention efforts that involve rescuing edible, nutritious food and redistributing it to individuals who are food insecure can promote both environmental- and public health through simultaneous reductions in food waste and food insecurity.
粮食不安全是一种经济和社会状况,包括个人获得健康食品的机会有限或不确定。尽管政府和非营利组织在解决粮食不安全问题上做出了善意的努力,但在美国这个世界上最富裕的国家,每年仍有超过十分之一的家庭经历粮食不安全问题。本次文献综述的目的是确定并阐述针对美国成年人的粮食不安全干预方法和结果。本次文献综述确定了 38 项研究,详细介绍了几项旨在解决粮食不安全问题的政府计划和研究干预措施。综述结果强调了补充营养援助计划 (SNAP)、紧急食品援助计划 (TEFAP) 和非营利性食品银行在改善粮食不安全状况方面取得的成功。然而,美国家庭的粮食不安全率一直在波动,没有持续下降,粮食不安全率一直低于人口的 10%。食物浪费是指在零售或消费阶段被丢弃的可食用食物,在美国食物浪费现象十分严重,每年约有 30% (6650 万吨)的可食用食物在离开农场后被浪费掉。防止食物浪费的工作包括抢救可食用的营养食品,并将其重新分配给粮食不安全的个人,通过同时减少食物浪费和粮食不安全,可以促进环境和公共健康。
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引用次数: 0
The Socio-Spatial Distribution and Equity of Access to Urban Parks: A Case Study of Bengaluru, India 城市公园的社会空间分布和使用公平性:印度班加罗尔案例研究
Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.3390/challe15020020
Nilanjan Bhor, Dhananjayan Mayavel
Given the effect of urbanization on land use and the allocation and implementation of urban green spaces, this paper attempts to analyze the distribution and accessibility of public parks in India’s Bengaluru city (previously known as Bangalore). Availability, accessibility, and utilization—the key measures of Urban Green Spaces (UGS)—are mostly used in health research and policy and are important components of Planetary Health Equity in the context of studying UGSs and health. A geo-spatial method was used for mapping the park’s distribution and measuring its accessibility, using road network data. To understand equitable access to the parks, four socio-economic parameters—population density, the percentage of the population below 6 years of age, the proxy wealth index, and scheduled caste population—were correlated with the parks’ accessibility. This spatial distribution revealed that 19 of 198 wards did not have a single park and that 36 wards only had one park. About 25–29% of wards did not have accessibility to neighborhood-level and community-level parks within a 400–800 m distance. These parks must be accessible within a walking distance of 400–800 m but were found to most likely be inaccessible on the periphery of the city where the population density is low and the children population is high, in comparison to the central part of the city. Similarly, parks were found to be inaccessible in the eastern part of the city where the scheduled caste population is high and also found to be inaccessible for the low-income neighborhoods residing in the western part and southern periphery of the city, indicating the uneven distribution of and inequitable access to public parks. Our study proposes a reshaping of both neighborhood parks and community parks in an attempt to look beyond biodiversity, through the planetary health equity approach, by noting that, while biodiversity indirectly has a positive effect on health, public parks should not only be considered as advancing environmental sustainability and climate resilience, but also as improving the health and wellbeing of the population. Affirmative action in terms of the availability of public parks with adequate area requirements and essential services at a neighborhood scale is required to redress the inequity of access; in addition, the accessibility of parks must be considered important during urban planning.
鉴于城市化对土地使用以及城市绿地分配和实施的影响,本文试图分析印度班加罗尔市(旧称班加罗尔)公共公园的分布和可达性。可用性、可达性和利用率是衡量城市绿地(UGS)的关键指标,这些指标大多用于健康研究和政策制定,也是研究城市绿地与健康的 "行星健康公平 "的重要组成部分。我们采用地理空间方法绘制公园分布图,并利用路网数据测量其可达性。为了解公园的公平可及性,我们将人口密度、6 岁以下人口比例、代用财富指数和在册种姓人口这四个社会经济参数与公园的可及性联系起来。空间分布显示,198 个选区中有 19 个选区没有一个公园,36 个选区只有一个公园。约 25-29% 的选区在 400-800 米的距离内没有邻里级和社区级公园。这些公园必须能在步行 400-800 米的距离内到达,但在人口密度低、儿童人口多的城市周边地区,与城市中心地区相比,这些公园很可能无法到达。同样,我们发现在城市东部的在册种姓人口较多的地区也无法进入公园,而居住在城市西部和南部外围的低收入社区也无法进入公园,这表明公共公园的分布不均,使用权不平等。我们的研究提出了重塑街区公园和社区公园的建议,试图通过行星健康公平方法,超越生物多样性,指出虽然生物多样性间接对健康产生积极影响,但公共公园不仅应被视为促进环境可持续性和气候适应力,还应改善人口的健康和福祉。需要采取平权行动,在邻里范围内提供具有足够面积要求和基本服务的公共公园,以纠正使用机会不平等的问题;此外,在城市规划过程中,必须将公园的无障碍环境视为重要因素。
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引用次数: 0
How Constructionist Perspectives on Learning Can Improve Learning and Prevent Accidents in High-Risk Industries 建筑师的学习视角如何改善高危行业的学习和预防事故
Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.3390/challe15020019
Thomas Wold
Management systems containing procedures, checklists, and descriptions for how various tasks should be conducted are often used in high-risk industries. Much has been written about the judicial and technological concerns of management systems, but less has been written on how to train staff in the use of them. Through a cognitive-constructionist perspective combined with social constructivism, this paper discusses how staff training can be designed to fit the characteristics of the workers. This paper focuses on how people learn in different ways, and how this is related to perspectives on knowledge. The method used is semi-structured interviews with twenty-seven workers in two different companies operating in the oil and gas-producing industry. The workers got only a short web-based theory course on the management system, with no practical exercises, repetitions, or other types of follow-ups. This is a signal that the management system is of less importance, and many of the workers thought they did not need it. Training must be designed to fit the workers, with practical exercises, repetition, and possibilities for on-the-job training. Accidents in this sector can cause human losses and great environmental harm, and this paper argues that better training of staff can prevent such accidents and reduce harm to the environment.
高风险行业经常使用管理系统,其中包括程序、核对表和对如何执行各种任务的说明。有关管理系统的司法和技术问题的论述很多,但有关如何培训员工使用管理系统的论述较少。本文通过认知建构主义与社会建构主义相结合的视角,讨论了如何根据工人的特点设计员工培训。本文重点探讨了人们如何以不同的方式学习,以及这与知识观之间的关系。本文采用的方法是半结构式访谈,访谈对象是石油和天然气生产行业两家不同公司的 27 名员工。工人们只接受了关于管理系统的短期网络理论课程,没有实际练习、复习或其他类型的后续课程。这是一个信号,表明管理制度的重要性不高,许多工人认为他们并不需要管理制度。培训的设计必须适合工人,要有实际练习、重复练习和在岗培训的可能性。该行业的事故会造成人员伤亡和对环境的巨大危害,本文认为,加强对员工的培训可以防止此类事故的发生,减少对环境的危害。
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引用次数: 0
Food Systems and Planetary Health Nexus Elective: A Novel Approach to A Medical Education Imperative for the 21st Century 食品系统与行星健康关联选修课:实现 21 世纪医学教育目标的新方法
Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.3390/challe15010006
Modan Goldman, A. Vaidyam, Sindhu Parupalli, Holly Rosencranz, Davendra Ramkumar, Japhia Ramkumar
This is a report on an inaugural medical student elective, Microbiomes Matter: The Path to Regenerative Systems of Farm, Food, and Health, from the perspective of the student participants. Recognizing food as medicine is gaining support across many settings. However, little is known about how medical schools engage in this holistic approach. Integrating food systems and the connections to soil and human health through microbiomes into medical education represents a transformative shift towards more holistic healthcare practices. We describe the course content and impact of a medical school elective in food systems. This elective employed a systems lens and planetary health perspective to explore the impact of climatic factors and environmental degradation on farms, nutrition, and non-communicable lifestyle diseases. Through the two-week course, medical students gained insights into sustainable food systems, supply chains, and the importance of regenerative agriculture. The course also provided a comprehensive overview of the gut microbiome, nutrition, technologies, and the economics of food systems, including their impact on lifestyle diseases. By fostering a systems-oriented mindset, this elective better equips medical students to address the complex challenges of human and planetary health and promote regenerative, sustainable, culturally sensitive, and robust systems of farm, food, and health.
这是一份关于首届医学生选修课 "微生物群很重要 "的报告:从学生参与者的角度出发,介绍通往农场、食品和健康再生系统之路。将食物视为药物的观点在许多场合都获得了支持。然而,人们对医学院如何采用这种综合方法知之甚少。将食物系统以及通过微生物组与土壤和人类健康的联系纳入医学教育,代表着向更全面的医疗保健实践的转变。我们介绍了医学院食品系统选修课的课程内容和影响。该选修课采用系统透镜和地球健康视角,探讨气候因素和环境退化对农场、营养和非传染性生活方式疾病的影响。通过为期两周的课程,医学生们深入了解了可持续食品系统、供应链以及再生农业的重要性。课程还全面介绍了肠道微生物组、营养、技术和食品系统经济学,包括它们对生活方式疾病的影响。通过培养以系统为导向的思维方式,这门选修课使医科学生能够更好地应对人类和地球健康的复杂挑战,促进再生、可持续、文化敏感和强大的农业、食品和健康系统。
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引用次数: 0
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