全球科学合作网络中中国城市的演化分析

IF 2.4 Q2 ECONOMICS ZFW-Advances in Economic Geography Pub Date : 2022-06-18 DOI:10.1515/zfw-2021-0039
Zhan Cao, B. Derudder, Liang Dai, Zhenwei Peng
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引用次数: 2

摘要

摘要本文从中国主要城市在城市间科学合作网络中的连通性角度考察了中国在全球科学领域的崛起——中国现在是世界上最大的科学出版物来源国。基于Web of Science的共同发表数据,我们构建了2002-2006年和2014-2018年526个主要城市(包括44个中国城市)之间的合作网络。这两个数据集都使用不同的中心性度量组合进行分析,这反过来又可以评估全球科学的总体地理变化,特别是中国城市在其中的位置变化。结果表明:(1)在全球范围内,随着亚太地区尤其是中国的崛起,欧洲和北美的两极主导地位已经减弱。大多数中国城市在不同的中心性指标上取得了显著进步,尽管只有少数城市有资格成为世界领先的科学中心。(2)因此,中国城市连通性的提升在地理上是不平衡的,东海岸和长江走廊沿线的城市明显比中国其他地区的城市更加突出。中国城市发展轨迹的不平衡可以追溯到制度、经济和地缘政治环境的变化。(3)全球科学合作网络的演化表现出强烈的“马太效应”,这可以归因于知识生产的路径依赖性质和科学合作中的优先依恋过程。
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An analysis of the evolution of Chinese cities in global scientific collaboration networks
Abstract This paper examines the emergence of China – now the world’s largest source of scientific publications – in global science from the perspective of the connectivity of its major cities in interurban scientific collaboration networks. We construct collaboration networks between 526 major cities (including 44 Chinese cities) for 2002–2006 and 2014–2018 based on co-publication data drawn from the Web of Science. Both datasets are analyzed using a combination of different centrality measures, which in turn allows assessing the shifting geographies of global science in general and the shifting position of Chinese cities therein in particular. The results show that: (1) on a global scale, the bipolar dominance of Europe and North America has waned in light of the rise of Asia-Pacific and especially China. Most Chinese cities have made significant gains in different centrality measures, albeit that only a handful of cities qualify as world-leading scientific centers. (2) The rise in connectivity of Chinese cities is therefore geographically uneven, as cities along the East Coast and the Yangtze River corridor have become markedly more prominent than cities in other parts of China. The uneven trajectories of Chinese cities can be traced back to changing institutional, economic, and geopolitical contexts. (3) Evolution in the global scientific collaboration network exhibits strong ‘Matthew Effects’, which can be attributed to the path-dependent nature of knowledge production and preferential attachment processes in scientific collaboration.
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