网络摄像头显示的梅林父母行为和雏鸟发育

Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Western Birds Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI:10.21199/wb53.1.1
L. Oliphant, I. Warkentin, Kelly Kozij, Adam Schmidt
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引用次数: 0

摘要

以前对灰背隼筑巢行为的了解是基于对地面的观察或在检查巢穴时记录的数据。同样,对雏鸟行为发育的描述也仅限于圈养鸟类的研究。2020年4月25日至7月22日,我们使用网络摄像头观察了位于萨斯喀彻温省韦伯恩的人工筑巢平台上的成年草原马林(f.c. richardsonii)及其四只幼鸟。我们的观察从下蛋前一直持续到雏后12天,在孵化后最为密集。网络摄像头显示的活动在很大程度上证实了之前基于地面的观察和研究,包括巢访或圈养。每隔2天产一次蛋,然后是30天的孵化期和31天的雏鸟期。在雏鸟达到恒温(孵化后7 ~ 10天)之前,巢内活动由雌鸟主导;除了把猎物交给雌性时,很少看到雄性。雌鸟在第14天后的夜间和第16天的白天停止孵雏。从孵化后的第17天开始,雄鸟就开始直接给雏鸟喂食。这些雏鸟的发育与已发表的报告相吻合,雏鸟之间不断竞争食物,但成年雌鸟显然也在努力确保每只雏鸟获得足够的食物。网络摄像头使我们能够收集到比以前更详细的关于梅林在巢中的行为的信息,并提供了一个涉及普通但很少研究的猎鹰的公民科学的机会。
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Merlin Parental Behavior and Chick Development as Revealed by Webcam
Previous knowledge of the Merlin’s (Falco columbarius) nesting behavior was based on observation from the ground or data recorded during nest checks. Similarly, descriptions of chicks’ behavioral development were restricted to studies of captive birds. We used a webcam to observe adult Prairie Merlins (F. c. richardsonii) and their four young on an artificial nest platform located in Weyburn, Saskatchewan, from 25 April to 22 July 2020. Our observations extended from prior to egg-laying until 12 days after fledging, being most intensive after hatching. Activities revealed by the webcam largely confirmed previous ground-based observations and studies involving either nest visits or captive rearing. Eggs were laid at roughly 2-day intervals followed by a 30-day incubation period and a 31-day nestling period. The female dominated activity at the nest until the chicks achieved homeothermy (7–10 days after hatching); the male was seldom seen except when delivering prey to the female. The female stopped brooding chicks during the night after day 14 and during daylight on day 16. The male began bringing food directly to the chicks starting 17 days after hatching. The chicks’ development matched published reports with constant competition for food among chicks but also apparent efforts by the adult female to ensure that each chick received sufficient food. The webcam enabled us to gather more detailed information about the Merlin’s behavior at the nest than previously possible and provided an opportunity for citizen science involving a common but little studied falcon.
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Western Birds
Western Birds Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Animal Science and Zoology
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