用于高阶声场捕获的实用同心开球心形麦克风阵列设计

P. ThomasMarkR
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引用次数: 4

摘要

研究了球形传声器阵列的高阶声场捕获问题。虽然a格式的心形设计在一阶捕获中很常见,但人们仍然对高阶阵列提供的更高空间分辨率感兴趣。球形阵列通常使用安装在刚性挡板上的全向麦克风,通过计算径向模式强度来估计高阶空间分量。这就产生了在空间混叠性能的小阵列和降低低频仪器噪声放大的大阵列之间的设计权衡。提出了一种实用的开放球体设计,其中包含安装在多个半径上的心形麦克风,以满足这两个标准。在一个设计示例中,半径为42毫米和420毫米的两个16通道心形球体在三阶分量上产生的白噪声增益高于单位,低至200 Hz,比全向麦克风的32通道42毫米刚性球体低10倍。
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Practical Concentric Open Sphere Cardioid Microphone Array Design for Higher Order Sound Field Capture
The problem of higher order sound field capture with spherical microphone arrays is considered. While A-format cardioid designs are commonplace for first order capture, interest remains in the increased spatial resolution delivered by higher order arrays. Spherical arrays typically use omnidirectional microphones mounted on a rigid baffle, from which higher order spatial components are estimated by accounting for radial mode strength. This produces a design trade-off between with small arrays for spatial aliasing performance and large arrays for reduced amplification of instrument noise at low frequencies. A practical open sphere design is proposed that contains cardioid microphones mounted at multiple radii to fulfill both criteria. A design example with a two spheres of 16-channel cardioids at 42 mm and 420 mm radius produces white noise gain above unity on third order components down to 200 Hz, a decade lower than a rigid 32-channel 42 mm sphere of omnidirectional microphones.
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