尼日利亚伊莫州沿海平原沙地油棕种植土壤适宜性评价

E. Ukaegbu, S. Osuaku, C. Okolo
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摘要

油棕产量一直在下降,因此对伊莫州沿海平原上支持油棕的土壤进行了调查。在调查的10个地点中,每个地点都有在0-20厘米和20-40厘米深度获得的大块样本,并在实验室进行分析。土壤表层以砂质粘土为主,地下以砂质粘土为主。表层土壤各参数取值范围为:pH(4.1 ~ 5.6)、ECEC (5.7 ~ 8.7 cmol/kg)、BS(36 ~ 87%)、OM (1 ~ 4.7 g/kg)、TN (0.01 ~ 0.14 g/kg)、Av. P (6 ~ /kg)、Fe (0 ~ 233 mg/kg)、Cu (0 ~ 1.2 mg/kg)、Zn (0.3 ~ 14 mg/kg)、Mn (5.7 ~ 145.6 mg/kg)。土壤肥力分类(fcc)确定了土壤条件调节剂g(谷地)、e(低cec)、h(强酸性)和k(低钾含量),但适宜性评价主要限制因子为- OM (N)、TN (S3/N)、k (S3/S2)。总的来说,土壤是适宜的(S2)。油棕的生长建议对冲积区进行轻度排水,轻度石灰化(特别是冲积土),大量施用氮肥,适量施用钾肥。参数评价方法比非参数评价方法更具有现实性。
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An Assessment of the Suitability of Soils Supporting Oilpalm Plantations in the Coastal Plains Sand, Imo State, Nigeria
Oilpalm yields have been declining, thus soils in the coastal plains sand of Imo State that support Oilpalms have been investigated. Each of the 10 sites surveyed had a bulked sample obtained at 0–20 cm and 20–40 cm depths and analysed in the laboratory. The surface of the soil was dominated by sandyloam, but the subsurface was dominated by sandy clayloam. Ranges of values of parameters at the topsoil were: pH(4.1 – 5.6), ECEC (5.7 – 8.7 cmol/kg), BS (36 – 87%), OM (1 – 4.7 g/kg), TN (0.01 – 0.14 g/kg), Av. P (6 –  /kg), Fe (0 – 233 mg/kg), Cu (0 – 1.2 mg/kg), Zn (0.3 – 14 mg/kg), Mn (5.7 – 145.6 mg/kg). Fertility Capability Classification (fcc) identified in the soils the condition modifiers – g (gley – in the valleys), e (low cec), h (strong acidity), and k (low content of k). But by suitability rating, the main limiting factors were – OM (N), TN (S3/N), K (S3/S2). In general, the soils were appropriate (S2). for Oilpalm growth. Slight drainage of alluvial sites, mild liming (especially of alluvial soils), liberal nitrogenous fertiliser treatment, and moderate potassium fertiliser application are all recommended. The parametric method of assessment was more realistic than the non-parametric method of assessment.
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