书评:墨西哥城的政治与贫穷移民。韦恩·a·科尼利厄斯著。斯坦福德:斯坦福大学出版社,1975年。319页。12.50美元)。

Steve C. Ropp
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那么,这本书的主旨是什么呢?赞比亚有一个精英阶层是由于采矿业造成的高工资差异而形成的吗?精英的存在并没有什么独特之处,其原因也没有什么独特之处:一些没有跨国公司的国家也有跨国公司。Sklar非常正确地暗示了这种独特性,这种独特性是由于只有矿工和他们的家人居住的采矿小镇的存在,使这些精英与其他人口在地理上分离开来。不幸的是,他没有发展出这个主题。认为农民工制度阻碍了早期无产阶级的形成是忽视了另一个更重要的影响:由这种强制交换产生的城乡互动。还有一个明显的矛盾;如果采矿业和其他经济部门之间存在如此巨大的工资差异,那么采矿业和政府(自1971年以来一直是一个)将失去当地熟练劳动力到私营企业,这似乎很奇怪。政府统计数据并没有证实这一点
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Book Reviews : Politics and the Migrant Poor in Mexico City. By WAYNE A. CORNELIUS. (Stan ford: Stanford University Press, 1975. Pp. 319. $12.50.)
What, then, is the thesis of this book? That there was an elite in Zambia that was formed because of the high wage differentials created because of the mining industry? There is nothing unique in the existence of the elite, nor its cause: some countries without multinational corporations have them. Sklar quite rightly hints at the uniqueness that resulted from the geographical separation of this elite from the rest of the population by virtue of the existence of mining townships where only miners and their families live. Unfortunately he does not develop that theme. And to suggest that the institution of migrant labor blocked the formation of an incipient proletariat is to ignore the other, more important effects : the urban-rural interaction that was generated by this forced interchange. And there is one more glaring contradiction; if there is such an enormous wage differential between the mining industry and the rest of the economy, then it seems odd that the mining industry and government (one and the same since 1971) would be losing local skilled labor to private enterprise. Government statistics just do not bear this out
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