La Caverna Bandurria Sur非常规油田新型密封技术提高了井筒完整性,同时优化了井图

Gaston Emanuel Lopez, G. Vidal, Allan Claus Hedegaard, R. Maldonado
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引用次数: 1

摘要

阿根廷Bandurria油田因钻穿Quintuco和Vaca Muerta地层时的压力梯度差异而具有狭窄的作业窗口。这种情况通常需要控压钻井(MPD)和坚固的井设计,包括四个套管段,这大大增加了建井成本。作业者的目标是设计出符合当前经济市场条件的高效且具有成本效益的井。以43美元/桶的盈亏平衡价格为目标,高端技术导致的高运营成本是不符合成本效益的,也是不可接受的。因此,作业者选择了一种新的技术和作业方法,专注于钻井液,以增加压力梯度作业窗口。裸眼井段在钻井过程中实时使用了一种超耐腐蚀且灵活的技术。该技术与钻井液系统一起设计,因此新钻的岩石可以快速密封。尽量减少钻井液与地层之间的相互作用,可以保持地层的原始状态。在高压条件下,quinuco和Vaca Muerta地层的特点是碳酸盐/页岩层互层,使用该技术可以完成完美的作业,增加了作业窗口,并最大限度地减少了井筒不稳定性。同一区块的邻井出现了严重的作业问题,包括卡钻、漏失和侧钻,即使使用MPD也是如此。该技术被称为井筒稳定技术(WSST),该技术使作业者能够在钻进过渡区时进行动态地层完整性测试(DFIT),以评估作业窗口增加的幅度,并将结果与同一区块的邻井进行比较。根据现场测量,WST允许在裂缝梯度窗口之外增加2-3 lb/gal。WST随后在同一地区的另外6口井中得到了应用,与以往的钻井相比,钻井效率显著提高。此外,作业者还减少了每口井使用的油基钻井液(OBM)的体积,最大限度地降低了钻井液成本,优化了钻井作业。进行了彻底的实验室分析,以评估该新技术与几种高端技术的有效性。这种创新性的钻井液设计大大降低了Bandurria Sur油田的钻井成本。除了介绍现场结果,包括与邻井相比裂缝梯度窗口的增加,本文还介绍了防止漏失的方法,从而使井筒不稳定性降低了近50%。
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Novel Sealing Technology Increased Wellbore Integrity While Optimizing Well Schematic in La Caverna Bandurria Sur Unconventional Field
The Bandurria Field in Argentina is known for its narrow operational window due to the difference in pressure gradients while drilling through the Quintuco and Vaca Muerta formations. This scenario usually requires managed pressure drilling (MPD) and a robust well design, including four casing sections, which significantly increases the well construction cost. The operator's objective was to design an efficient and cost-effective well aligned to the current economic market conditions. Using a break-even price target of 43 USD/bbl, high-end technologies resulting in high operational costs are not cost effective and unacceptable. Therefore, the operator selected a new technology and operational method focused on the drilling fluids to increase the pressure-gradient operative window. An ultra-resistant and flexible technology was used in the open hole section in real-time while drilling. The technology is designed with the drilling fluid system so that new rock drilled would be sealed quickly. Minimizing the interaction between the drilling fluid and the formation would preserve the original formation conditions. Using this technology, it was possible to perform a flawless operation, increasing the operative window and minimizing wellbore instability while drilling through the Quintuco and Vaca Muerta formations which are characterized by interbedded carbonates/shale layers under high-pressure conditions. The offset wells on the same pad presented severe operations issues, including stuck pipe, lost circulation, and sidetracks, even with the use of MPD. The technique implemented, known as Wellbore Stabilization Technology (WSST), enabled the operator to perform a dynamic formation integrity test (DFIT) while drilling through the transition zone to evaluate the magnitude of the operative window increase and compare those results to the offset wells on the same pad. As measured in the field, the WST allowed an increase of 2-3 lb/gal beyond the fracture gradient window. The WST was later applied in six additional wells in the same area, where the drilling efficiency significantly improved compared to historical wells. Further, the operator reduced the volume of oil-based drilling fluid (OBM) used per well, minimizing drilling fluid costs and optimizing the drilling operations. A thorough laboratory analysis was performed to evaluate this novel technology's effectiveness against several high-end technologies. This innovative adoption to the drilling fluid design resulted in a significant cost reduction to drill the Bandurria Sur Field. In addition to presenting field results, including the increase in the fracture gradient window as compared to offset wells, this paper describes the prevention of lost circulation, resulting in a nearly 50% decrease in wellbore instability.
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