Imidazole Scaffold: A Review of Synthetic Strategies and Therapeutic Action

Imidazole heterocycles possess a very special place in biological chemistry making their derivatives receive considerable attention among researchers. Several natural products including nucleic acids, histamine, and histidine consist of the imidazole nucleus. It is an ionizable compound that renders good pharmacokinetic properties to the compounds contained in it. The nucleus presents some interesting pharmacological properties like antibacterial, antitubercular, anticancer, larvicidal, and antifungal. The present paper attempts to review the significant pharmacological actions of imidazole derivatives over the past few years. The paper summarizes the preparation methods like condensation method, microwave-assisted method, ultrasonic method and heating process employed for synthesis of imadazoles. The paper summarizes the current improvements of imidazole-based mixtures in the entire range of restorative science. The significant analysis of the published research infers that optimization of the microwave method for synthesis of the imidazole nucleus could be an effective method in the preparation of the motif.