The current study proposed the “Nanoparticles -A Booming Drug Delivery System in Chemotherapy” is a Novel targeted approach which enhances the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents by reducing the dose-related side effect as well as mortality rate a in patients due to its non-immunogenic, nontoxic nature. Drug bioavailability, drug solubility, drug biodistribution, drug resistance brought on by treatment, and nonspecific toxicity can all be improved with the development of nanoparticle chemotherapeutic drug delivery applications based on nanotechnology. It possesses active as well as passive targeting of tumour cells. Due to this reason, a wide range of chemotherapeutic agents like cisplatin, taxol, doxorubicin, and carboplatin are extensively utilized for treating cancer. Deep tissue penetration of nanoparticles is found to increase the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. There are some limitations with conventional drug delivery system which is minimized by utilizing nanoparticles as a drug delivery system. The current review has focused on targeted strategies and novel approaches in cancer treatment with nanoparticles.
{"title":"Nanoparticles – A Booming Drug Delivery System in Chemotherapy","authors":"Shalu Verma, Alka Singh, Gauree Kukreti, Meenakshi Bharkatiya, Kiran Dobhal, Tarun Parashar, Jyotsana Suyal, Vikash Jakhmola","doi":"10.13005/bpj/2757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2757","url":null,"abstract":"The current study proposed the “Nanoparticles -A Booming Drug Delivery System in Chemotherapy” is a Novel targeted approach which enhances the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents by reducing the dose-related side effect as well as mortality rate a in patients due to its non-immunogenic, nontoxic nature. Drug bioavailability, drug solubility, drug biodistribution, drug resistance brought on by treatment, and nonspecific toxicity can all be improved with the development of nanoparticle chemotherapeutic drug delivery applications based on nanotechnology. It possesses active as well as passive targeting of tumour cells. Due to this reason, a wide range of chemotherapeutic agents like cisplatin, taxol, doxorubicin, and carboplatin are extensively utilized for treating cancer. Deep tissue penetration of nanoparticles is found to increase the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. There are some limitations with conventional drug delivery system which is minimized by utilizing nanoparticles as a drug delivery system. The current review has focused on targeted strategies and novel approaches in cancer treatment with nanoparticles.","PeriodicalId":9054,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bone mineral density (BMD) is a measurement of the amount of minerals, primarily calcium and phosphorus, in bone tissue. Factors that can affect BMD include age, gender, genetics, lifestyle factors, and medical conditions. As people age, the density of their bones starts to decline gradually. Due to hormonal changes during menopause, the chance of developing osteoporosis among women is very high. Genetics also play a role in BMD, with some individuals having a higher genetic predisposition to osteoporosis and lower BMD. Physical activity, alcohol consumption, and smoking are some factors associated with BMD. Regular exercise is a protective factor, whereas other two smoking and excessive alcohol are risk factors. It is important to monitor BMD throughout life to identify any potential health concerns and take steps to prevent bone loss. A healthy lifestyle is an important factor that will help maintain sufficient calcium and vitamin D intake and take medication or supplements as directed by a healthcare professional. Regular physical activity such as walking and running can help promote bone health and maintain BMD.
{"title":"Bone Mineral Density and Its Determinants: A Systematic Review of Risk Factors and Prevention Strategies","authors":"Latifa Nabeel Alsaad, Juman Ahmed Abdulameer, Ethel Aputerebuno Akolaa, Jayakumary Muttappallymyalil, Jayadevan Sreedharan","doi":"10.13005/bpj/2758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2758","url":null,"abstract":"Bone mineral density (BMD) is a measurement of the amount of minerals, primarily calcium and phosphorus, in bone tissue. Factors that can affect BMD include age, gender, genetics, lifestyle factors, and medical conditions. As people age, the density of their bones starts to decline gradually. Due to hormonal changes during menopause, the chance of developing osteoporosis among women is very high. Genetics also play a role in BMD, with some individuals having a higher genetic predisposition to osteoporosis and lower BMD. Physical activity, alcohol consumption, and smoking are some factors associated with BMD. Regular exercise is a protective factor, whereas other two smoking and excessive alcohol are risk factors. It is important to monitor BMD throughout life to identify any potential health concerns and take steps to prevent bone loss. A healthy lifestyle is an important factor that will help maintain sufficient calcium and vitamin D intake and take medication or supplements as directed by a healthcare professional. Regular physical activity such as walking and running can help promote bone health and maintain BMD.","PeriodicalId":9054,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) co-morbidity are of rising public health problems. There is growing evidence that DM is an important risk factor for TB. This study was carried out to know the prevalence of DM among newly detected sputum-positive pulmonary TB patients registered in the District Tuberculosis Centre and also to assess the risk factors of DM among TB patients. Methods: In a cross-sectional study newly detected sputum-positive pulmonary TB patients were screened for DM (those having symptoms of DM). Further, they were diagnosed by doing random blood glucose levels (≥200 mg/dl.). Mean, standard deviation (SD), Chi-square and Freeman-Halton Fisher exact test were used to know the significant association. p value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 215 TB patients were included in the study. The prevalence of DM among TB patients was found to be 23.7% (2.8% known and 97.8% new cases). Significant associations were found between age (>46 years), educational status, smoking habits, alcohol consumption, physical activity, presence of symptoms of DM and family H/o DM. Interpretation and Conclusion:Routine screening for DM is mandatory because of the increasing prevalence which may help in early diagnosis and also reduce the complication by proper management which in turn helps in the successful outcome of TB treatment.
{"title":"Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus Among Newly Detected Sputum Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients and Associated Risk Factors","authors":"Rashmi Hullalli, M R Gudadinni, Rohith M","doi":"10.13005/bpj/2755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2755","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) co-morbidity are of rising public health problems. There is growing evidence that DM is an important risk factor for TB. This study was carried out to know the prevalence of DM among newly detected sputum-positive pulmonary TB patients registered in the District Tuberculosis Centre and also to assess the risk factors of DM among TB patients. Methods: In a cross-sectional study newly detected sputum-positive pulmonary TB patients were screened for DM (those having symptoms of DM). Further, they were diagnosed by doing random blood glucose levels (≥200 mg/dl.). Mean, standard deviation (SD), Chi-square and Freeman-Halton Fisher exact test were used to know the significant association. p value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 215 TB patients were included in the study. The prevalence of DM among TB patients was found to be 23.7% (2.8% known and 97.8% new cases). Significant associations were found between age (>46 years), educational status, smoking habits, alcohol consumption, physical activity, presence of symptoms of DM and family H/o DM. Interpretation and Conclusion:Routine screening for DM is mandatory because of the increasing prevalence which may help in early diagnosis and also reduce the complication by proper management which in turn helps in the successful outcome of TB treatment.","PeriodicalId":9054,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Inas R. El-Alameey, Weam A. Al-Aswad, Reham M. Khojah, Raneem D. Al-Rehaili, Lujain A. Al-Saedi, Yara S. Al-Buladi
Background and Aim : Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic global health condition that affects people of all ages at an alarming rate. It's more widespread in Middle Eastern countries, especially Saudi Arabia which has the second-highest rate of diabetes in the Middle East, according to the World Health Organization. The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship between dietary habits, lifestyle factors, and dysglycemia among type 2 diabetic patients in Al-Madinah Al-Munawara, Saudi Arabia. Subjects and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 281 type 2 diabetic patients aged between 20 and 65 years old via an online survey. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, dietary habits, physical activity, and other lifestyle data were collected from patients of Al Madinah's King Fahad Hospital in Al Madinah Al Munawara. Results: The highest age group of those surveyed was 41-65 years old. The majority (65.1%) were female. More than half of the surveyed population had university or college-level education. There was no association between family history and gender (p=0.631). There was a significant association between gender and intake of sweets (p= 0.001), red meat (p= 0.002), red tea (p= 0.013), green tea (p= 0.031), and consumption of grains (p= 0.027). Male patients were more active compared to the female group (14.3% vs. 4.9%), (p=0.043). Conclusion: Food habits influenced hyperglycemia. Female hyperglycemic patients had considerably greater rates of insufficient physical activity and sweet consumption. Male dysglycemic patients consumed considerably more red meat and poultry. Future consideration should be given to increasing awareness and knowledge of dietary intake and lifestyle factors and their importance to prevent future complications.
{"title":"Relationship between Dietary habits, lifestyle risk factors and dysglycemia among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Al Madinah Al Munawara, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Inas R. El-Alameey, Weam A. Al-Aswad, Reham M. Khojah, Raneem D. Al-Rehaili, Lujain A. Al-Saedi, Yara S. Al-Buladi","doi":"10.13005/bpj/2718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2718","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim : Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic global health condition that affects people of all ages at an alarming rate. It's more widespread in Middle Eastern countries, especially Saudi Arabia which has the second-highest rate of diabetes in the Middle East, according to the World Health Organization. The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship between dietary habits, lifestyle factors, and dysglycemia among type 2 diabetic patients in Al-Madinah Al-Munawara, Saudi Arabia. Subjects and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 281 type 2 diabetic patients aged between 20 and 65 years old via an online survey. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, dietary habits, physical activity, and other lifestyle data were collected from patients of Al Madinah's King Fahad Hospital in Al Madinah Al Munawara. Results: The highest age group of those surveyed was 41-65 years old. The majority (65.1%) were female. More than half of the surveyed population had university or college-level education. There was no association between family history and gender (p=0.631). There was a significant association between gender and intake of sweets (p= 0.001), red meat (p= 0.002), red tea (p= 0.013), green tea (p= 0.031), and consumption of grains (p= 0.027). Male patients were more active compared to the female group (14.3% vs. 4.9%), (p=0.043). Conclusion: Food habits influenced hyperglycemia. Female hyperglycemic patients had considerably greater rates of insufficient physical activity and sweet consumption. Male dysglycemic patients consumed considerably more red meat and poultry. Future consideration should be given to increasing awareness and knowledge of dietary intake and lifestyle factors and their importance to prevent future complications.","PeriodicalId":9054,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nasir A. Hamad, Lienda Bashier Eltayeb, Senthilvel Vasudevan, Priyanka Raj
Introduction: Covid-19 vaccine is known to cause a variety of side effects. Low back pain has been reported to be associated with at least one of the COVID-19 vaccines. Objectives: The current study investigated the prevalence of chronic back pain in individuals vaccinated with AstraZeneca and Pfizer in Sultanate of Oman. Methods: This cross-sectional observational survey-based study was conducted among COVID-19 AstraZeneca and Pfizer/BioNTech vaccinated individuals in Sultanate of Oman. Two hundred participants were involved in the study. Chi square was used to analyse the association between categorical data. Data were analysed using SPSS (29th release). Results: The prevalence of back pain among individuals vaccinated with AstraZeneca and Pfizer, was 36%. Females were more commonly affected by the back pain, especially in the 4th decade of life. Conclusion: AstraZeneca and Pfizer is be associated with back pain, especially in females. Possible explanations require further investigations.
{"title":"Prevalence of Chronic Backpain after COVID-19 Astra Zeneca and Pfizer/BioNTech Vaccines in Sultanate of Oman: A Survey-based Study","authors":"Nasir A. Hamad, Lienda Bashier Eltayeb, Senthilvel Vasudevan, Priyanka Raj","doi":"10.13005/bpj/2751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2751","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Covid-19 vaccine is known to cause a variety of side effects. Low back pain has been reported to be associated with at least one of the COVID-19 vaccines. Objectives: The current study investigated the prevalence of chronic back pain in individuals vaccinated with AstraZeneca and Pfizer in Sultanate of Oman. Methods: This cross-sectional observational survey-based study was conducted among COVID-19 AstraZeneca and Pfizer/BioNTech vaccinated individuals in Sultanate of Oman. Two hundred participants were involved in the study. Chi square was used to analyse the association between categorical data. Data were analysed using SPSS (29th release). Results: The prevalence of back pain among individuals vaccinated with AstraZeneca and Pfizer, was 36%. Females were more commonly affected by the back pain, especially in the 4th decade of life. Conclusion: AstraZeneca and Pfizer is be associated with back pain, especially in females. Possible explanations require further investigations.","PeriodicalId":9054,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and Objectives: The most commonly prescribed drugs in healthcare systems are proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). Several studies have found that globally PPIs are frequently used without proper justification. Appropriate and updated knowledge about PPI among medical professionals is essential to enhance the rationale of PPI application. The present study with this goal was initiated to evaluate the understanding and behavioral practices toward PPI use among resident doctors in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Pune, western India. Method: A cross sectional survey using structured questionnaire. Results: The questionnaire was completed by 137 resident doctors. 82.5% of them prescribed acid-suppressing drugs for acute gastritis and other drugs in combination with them as the most common indications for the majority of their patients. These prescriptions were based on the consultant's or unit's policy, and resident doctors were not given the liberty to breach this policy. 71.5% of the respondents chose PPIs as their first choice, and 75.1% preferred the oral route. 10.2% of them claimed to have encountered a PPI-related adverse event. Despite the fact that 75.9% of the respondents preferred to prescribe PPIs for short durations, a lack of awareness about the possible risks associated with chronic PPI use was noted. 58.4% of resident doctors preferred using the step-down strategy, but 19.7% of participants were unaware of step up or step down when prescribing PPIs. The concept of drug interactions with the co-administration of PPI was also less understood by study participants. Conclusion: In the present survey study participants had less knowledge on correct indications for PPI usage as they fared PPI over any other acid-reducing medications to majority of their patients. There was also a lack of understanding of PPI adverse drug reactions, drug-drug interactions, and specific PPI administration approaches.
{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Resident Doctors Towards use of Proton Pump Inhibitors in A Tertiary Care Hospital in Pune, India: A Cross-Sectional Survey","authors":"Sonali Pradeep Suryawanshi, Priti Pravin Dhande, Pallawi Shashank Khatavkar, Linpadmaja Prabhakar Thakur","doi":"10.13005/bpj/2742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2742","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: The most commonly prescribed drugs in healthcare systems are proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). Several studies have found that globally PPIs are frequently used without proper justification. Appropriate and updated knowledge about PPI among medical professionals is essential to enhance the rationale of PPI application. The present study with this goal was initiated to evaluate the understanding and behavioral practices toward PPI use among resident doctors in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Pune, western India. Method: A cross sectional survey using structured questionnaire. Results: The questionnaire was completed by 137 resident doctors. 82.5% of them prescribed acid-suppressing drugs for acute gastritis and other drugs in combination with them as the most common indications for the majority of their patients. These prescriptions were based on the consultant's or unit's policy, and resident doctors were not given the liberty to breach this policy. 71.5% of the respondents chose PPIs as their first choice, and 75.1% preferred the oral route. 10.2% of them claimed to have encountered a PPI-related adverse event. Despite the fact that 75.9% of the respondents preferred to prescribe PPIs for short durations, a lack of awareness about the possible risks associated with chronic PPI use was noted. 58.4% of resident doctors preferred using the step-down strategy, but 19.7% of participants were unaware of step up or step down when prescribing PPIs. The concept of drug interactions with the co-administration of PPI was also less understood by study participants. Conclusion: In the present survey study participants had less knowledge on correct indications for PPI usage as they fared PPI over any other acid-reducing medications to majority of their patients. There was also a lack of understanding of PPI adverse drug reactions, drug-drug interactions, and specific PPI administration approaches.","PeriodicalId":9054,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135031886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maysaa K. Al-Malkey, Sinai W. Mohammed, Noorulhuda F Khalaf, Mohammed J. Al-Obaidi, Fadhaa O. Sameer
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the infection escalation around the globe encourage the implementation of the global protocol for standard care patients aiming to cease the infection spread. Evaluating the potency of these therapy courses has drawn particular attention in health practice. This observational study aimed to assess the efficacy of Remdesivir and Favipiravir drugs compared to the standard care patients in COVID-19 confirmed patients. One hundred twenty-seven patients showed the disease at different stages, and one hundred and fifty patients received only standard care as a control group were included in this study. Patients under the Remdesivir therapy protocol were (62.20%); meanwhile, there (30.71%) were under Favipiravir therapy. From the total number of patients under both protocols, 75.6% of the total patients recovered, and 15.7% were deceased. The mortality rate was shown to be 14 out of 64 patients (22%) in critical COVID-19 patients in the Remdesivir group and 3 out of 37 patients (8%) in the Favipiravir group. Remdesivir drug lowered healing mean time to 6 days in mild-to-moderate. COVID-19 clinical manifestations are different among infected patients, and the therapy required to be carefully designed for critical cases in particular. Remdesivir and Favipiravir therapy tend to have a promising efficacy in reducing the mortality rate and time of recovery, especially among mild-to-moderate patients.
{"title":"The Significance of Remdesivir and Favipiravir Therapies to Survival of COVID-19 Patients","authors":"Maysaa K. Al-Malkey, Sinai W. Mohammed, Noorulhuda F Khalaf, Mohammed J. Al-Obaidi, Fadhaa O. Sameer","doi":"10.13005/bpj/2729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2729","url":null,"abstract":"The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the infection escalation around the globe encourage the implementation of the global protocol for standard care patients aiming to cease the infection spread. Evaluating the potency of these therapy courses has drawn particular attention in health practice. This observational study aimed to assess the efficacy of Remdesivir and Favipiravir drugs compared to the standard care patients in COVID-19 confirmed patients. One hundred twenty-seven patients showed the disease at different stages, and one hundred and fifty patients received only standard care as a control group were included in this study. Patients under the Remdesivir therapy protocol were (62.20%); meanwhile, there (30.71%) were under Favipiravir therapy. From the total number of patients under both protocols, 75.6% of the total patients recovered, and 15.7% were deceased. The mortality rate was shown to be 14 out of 64 patients (22%) in critical COVID-19 patients in the Remdesivir group and 3 out of 37 patients (8%) in the Favipiravir group. Remdesivir drug lowered healing mean time to 6 days in mild-to-moderate. COVID-19 clinical manifestations are different among infected patients, and the therapy required to be carefully designed for critical cases in particular. Remdesivir and Favipiravir therapy tend to have a promising efficacy in reducing the mortality rate and time of recovery, especially among mild-to-moderate patients.","PeriodicalId":9054,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135031922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Coronavirus 2019(COVID 2019) is a global pandemic and may trigger coagulation dysfunction with extensive micro thrombosis. This study was conducted to evaluate the basic coagulation parameters in symptomatic patients with and without SARI in COVID.It was a prospective comparative cross sectional study to study the prognostic role of these markers in patients with and without SARI (severe acute respiratory illness) and survivors versus non survivors. Demographic characteristics , detailed medical history and platelets, prothrombin time (PT),activated thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen and D dimer was recorded and analysed in both these groups. The independent group t-test and Mann -Whitney U test was used to analyse continuous variables. ROC was plotted for significant variables to obtain area under curve. The average PT for survivors was 14.6s and non survivors was 29.4s and the difference statistically significant. The area under curve for PT was 0.751 and at a cut off value of 13s had a sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 62.5% for predicting severe COVID with SARI. The median value for aPTT for non survivors was 35.5 (IQR 32.5-42.1) and for survivors it was 31.9 (IQR 29.5-35.7) and was significant. The mean values of D dimer for patients without and with SARI was 384 and 2168 mcg/ml and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.00). The D dimer test was the single most test distinguishing survivors and non survivors with an AUC of 0.844.The levels of fibrinogen and CRP was higher in patients with severe COVID and was statistically significant (p=0.001) and (p=0.028).The platelet count was lower in patients with severe COVID but difference was not statistically significant. The basic coagulation markers have a prognostic significance in treatment of COVID atients with and without SARIp.
{"title":"Analysis of Clotting Factors in Covid 19: A Study in Indian Patients in a Tertiary Hospital","authors":"Ashima Amin, Reshma G. Kini, Archana Bhat","doi":"10.13005/bpj/2738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2738","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus 2019(COVID 2019) is a global pandemic and may trigger coagulation dysfunction with extensive micro thrombosis. This study was conducted to evaluate the basic coagulation parameters in symptomatic patients with and without SARI in COVID.It was a prospective comparative cross sectional study to study the prognostic role of these markers in patients with and without SARI (severe acute respiratory illness) and survivors versus non survivors. Demographic characteristics , detailed medical history and platelets, prothrombin time (PT),activated thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen and D dimer was recorded and analysed in both these groups. The independent group t-test and Mann -Whitney U test was used to analyse continuous variables. ROC was plotted for significant variables to obtain area under curve. The average PT for survivors was 14.6s and non survivors was 29.4s and the difference statistically significant. The area under curve for PT was 0.751 and at a cut off value of 13s had a sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 62.5% for predicting severe COVID with SARI. The median value for aPTT for non survivors was 35.5 (IQR 32.5-42.1) and for survivors it was 31.9 (IQR 29.5-35.7) and was significant. The mean values of D dimer for patients without and with SARI was 384 and 2168 mcg/ml and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.00). The D dimer test was the single most test distinguishing survivors and non survivors with an AUC of 0.844.The levels of fibrinogen and CRP was higher in patients with severe COVID and was statistically significant (p=0.001) and (p=0.028).The platelet count was lower in patients with severe COVID but difference was not statistically significant. The basic coagulation markers have a prognostic significance in treatment of COVID atients with and without SARIp.","PeriodicalId":9054,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigated the research productivity of dengue fever literature in India extracted from the Web of Science (WoS) core collection database with the purpose of giving Scientometric description on numerous parameters which include subject explosion, ranks and publications, citation impact, global collaborative papers, most productive journals, authors and countries with their citation, on dengue fever research of Indian publications. There were 960 publications during 2009-2018. A result of the research shows an average citation of 11.25 per paper. The degree of collaboration has been arrived at 0.96 at some stage. The value of Co-Authorship Index (CAI) for single author papers suggests a declining mode from one year period to every other block. On the other hand, it is greater than two authored papers; the co-Authorship Index displays a growing trend.
本研究调查了从Web of Science (WoS)核心文献数据库中提取的印度登革热文献的研究生产力，目的是对包括主题爆炸、排名和出版物、引文影响、全球合作论文、最高产期刊、作者和被引国家在内的众多参数进行科学计量描述。2009-2018年共发表960篇。研究结果显示，平均每篇论文被引用11.25次。协作程度在某个阶段达到了0.96。单作者论文的合著指数(Co-Authorship Index, CAI)从1年到每隔1个区块呈下降趋势。另一方面，它大于两篇论文;合作作者指数呈上升趋势。
{"title":"Scientific Publication of Dengue Fever Research in India based on the Web of Science Database","authors":"Neethu Mohanan, S. Thanuskodi, A. Alagu","doi":"10.13005/bpj/2749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2749","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the research productivity of dengue fever literature in India extracted from the Web of Science (WoS) core collection database with the purpose of giving Scientometric description on numerous parameters which include subject explosion, ranks and publications, citation impact, global collaborative papers, most productive journals, authors and countries with their citation, on dengue fever research of Indian publications. There were 960 publications during 2009-2018. A result of the research shows an average citation of 11.25 per paper. The degree of collaboration has been arrived at 0.96 at some stage. The value of Co-Authorship Index (CAI) for single author papers suggests a declining mode from one year period to every other block. On the other hand, it is greater than two authored papers; the co-Authorship Index displays a growing trend.","PeriodicalId":9054,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ananya Kuanar, Bibhudutta Pattnaik1, Guru Charan Nayak, Anindiya Bose, omadatta Das, Pratap Keshari Pattnaik, Dattatreya Kar
The oxidative compounds at a certain level positively affect the body's immune functions; however, inappropriate lifestyles and dietary habits can trigger an imbalance in the body's antioxidant defense mechanisms and the production of free radicles, can cause molecular damages which can be observed through different biomarkers. These free radicles can cause undesirable health, leading to different degenerative diseases and pathogenesis. Antioxidants are highly effective in reducing the frequent occurrence of such chronic diseases. FAV (fruits and vegetables) and food plants have been well known for its antioxidant contain. This study interprets to determine the total phenolic content which ranges from 8.6 μg (Tomato of Cuttack) to 27.8 μg (Amla of Jajpur) of gallic acid equivalents per 100 gm of extract. Flavonoid content ranges from 3.6-34.2 μg of quercetin equivalents per 100 gm of the extract, with Karela of Jajpur having the maximal (34.2 μg) content, with banana (3.6 μg) being the least of Cuttack. Antioxidant content ranges from 5.1-10.8 μg/ml. Banana of Jajpur has maximal IC50 value through DPPH based scavenging assay method, with Amla of Angul, Cuttack and Dhenkanal as the lowest capacity. The significant output of the research will convey the habitant of these localities and the selection as well as the inclusion of the finest fruits and vegetables in their day to day regular diet. The researchers may utilize the data for geographical based epidemiological studies where the intake of reported foods can be used to measure their antioxidant values, which may further be utilized to verify the impact of antioxidants and their synergistic effect on the cell. Animal based experimental studies or human based clinical trials may interpret the role of dietary phytochemical based antioxidants in preventing different chronic and degenerative diseases.
{"title":"Multi-Locational Based Comparative Antioxidant Study of Some Commonly Consumed Fruits and Vegetables in a Part of Eastern India","authors":"Ananya Kuanar, Bibhudutta Pattnaik1, Guru Charan Nayak, Anindiya Bose, omadatta Das, Pratap Keshari Pattnaik, Dattatreya Kar","doi":"10.13005/bpj/2717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2717","url":null,"abstract":"The oxidative compounds at a certain level positively affect the body's immune functions; however, inappropriate lifestyles and dietary habits can trigger an imbalance in the body's antioxidant defense mechanisms and the production of free radicles, can cause molecular damages which can be observed through different biomarkers. These free radicles can cause undesirable health, leading to different degenerative diseases and pathogenesis. Antioxidants are highly effective in reducing the frequent occurrence of such chronic diseases. FAV (fruits and vegetables) and food plants have been well known for its antioxidant contain. This study interprets to determine the total phenolic content which ranges from 8.6 μg (Tomato of Cuttack) to 27.8 μg (Amla of Jajpur) of gallic acid equivalents per 100 gm of extract. Flavonoid content ranges from 3.6-34.2 μg of quercetin equivalents per 100 gm of the extract, with Karela of Jajpur having the maximal (34.2 μg) content, with banana (3.6 μg) being the least of Cuttack. Antioxidant content ranges from 5.1-10.8 μg/ml. Banana of Jajpur has maximal IC50 value through DPPH based scavenging assay method, with Amla of Angul, Cuttack and Dhenkanal as the lowest capacity. The significant output of the research will convey the habitant of these localities and the selection as well as the inclusion of the finest fruits and vegetables in their day to day regular diet. The researchers may utilize the data for geographical based epidemiological studies where the intake of reported foods can be used to measure their antioxidant values, which may further be utilized to verify the impact of antioxidants and their synergistic effect on the cell. Animal based experimental studies or human based clinical trials may interpret the role of dietary phytochemical based antioxidants in preventing different chronic and degenerative diseases.","PeriodicalId":9054,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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