新出现的冠状病毒突变体- Delta Plus:综述

Rujuta N. Patil, Purva M. Choughule
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摘要

随着新冠肺炎疫情的出现,对病毒的研究成为人们关注的焦点。了解病毒的性质和生命周期对于解码其进化行为至关重要。SARS-CoV-2的突变有助于病毒相关的适应和生存。某些关键的突变为病毒对宿主的统治铺平了道路。这些突变有助于改变病毒的特性,如增强病毒进入宿主细胞、毒力、复制率、疾病传播以及对治疗和疫苗的反应降低。研究表明,SARS-CoV-2的刺突蛋白以替代突变为主。这导致了病毒变体的出现。根据它们的特点,它们进一步被分类为感兴趣的替代和关注的替代。对病毒变体进行分类有助于在全球范围内进行交流,并决定预防和控制该疾病的共同措施。批判性地评估关键突变及其对病毒表现出的特性的影响将有助于了解病毒的致病性,最终有助于了解患者的发病率和死亡率。随着SARS-CoV-2及其即将到来的毒株的演变,体征和症状发生了变化。全身和口腔表现在一定程度上都面临着临床表现的转变。随着SARS-CoV-2变异病毒的出现,R0/病毒的传播率及其毒力呈指数增长。由于牙科医生是高危人群,应采取预防措施,并严格遵守消毒规程。
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Emerging Coronavirus Mutant - The Delta Plus: A Review
With emergence of COVID-19 pandemic, research on viruses has come into focus. Understanding the nature and lifecycle of a virus is extremely important in decoding its behaviour with evolution. Mutation in SARS-CoV-2 has helped virus-related adaptation and survival. Certain key mutations have paved way for dominance of virus over the host. These mutations contribute to change in the properties of the virus like enhanced viral entry inside the host cell, virulence, rate of replication, disease transmission, and reduced response to therapeutics and vaccines. Research shows the dominance of substitution mutations in spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. This has led to emergence of viral variants. Depending on their features they are further categorized into alternative of interest & alternative of concern. Classifying viral variants helps communicate globally and decide upon common measures to prevent and control the disease. Critically evaluating the key mutations and its effect on properties exhibited by virus will aid in understanding the viral pathogenicity and ultimately the rate of patient morbidity and mortality. There has been change in the signs and symptoms with the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 & its upcoming strains. Both systemic and oral manifestations faced a shift in clinical presentation to some extent. With emerging variant of SARS-CoV-2 R0/ rate of transmission of virus and its virulence are exponentially increasing. As dental surgeon are at high risk, precautionary measures should be taken and sterilization protocol has to be strictly followed.
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