不同机械播种制度对小麦水分胁迫的影响

R. Zaman
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引用次数: 0

摘要

合理用水,提高农业用水效率是农业发展面临的新挑战。保护性耕作,以及机械播种系统,比集约化耕作系统提供了各种好处。为此,研究了小麦在不同播种制下的需水量及适宜的亏缺灌溉方案。本研究采用4种机械播种方式(T1 =床播、T2 = PTOS、T3 =条播、T4 =免耕),分别采用I1 = CRI期灌溉、I2 = CRI期和营养期灌溉、I3 = CRI期和灌浆期灌溉、I4 = CRI期、营养期和灌浆期灌溉,采用3个重复的分畦设计。从籽粒产量和水分生产力的综合分析结果可知,床栽(T1)和三级灌溉(I4)是小麦栽培的最佳组合。此外,在缺水地区床上种植(T1)时,两种灌溉I2 (CRI和无性灌溉)是小麦适宜的减少灌溉调度。在不同的播种方式中,床播增产约10.58%,其次是PTOS, PTOS和st的产量相同,最低的是0。在灌溉处理中,3次灌溉(I4)在全播系统上的最佳调度,I4增产11.98%,I2次之,I1产量最低。土壤水分贡献随施水量和灌溉次数的增加而减小。
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WATER STRESS EFFECT ON WHEAT AT DIFFERENT MECHANICAL SEEDING SYSTEMS
Judicial water use, as well as improving water use efficiency in agriculture is new challenge. Conservation tillage, as well as mechanical seeding system, offers various benefits over intensive tillage system. Considering this, the study was conducted to find out the water requirements and appropriate deficit irrigation schedule of wheat on different seeding system. This study consisted of following irrigation treatments, like I1 = Irrigation at CRI stage, I2 = Irrigation at CRI and vegetative stages, I3 = Irrigation at CRI and grain filling stages and I4 = Irrigation at CRI, vegetative and grain filling stages on four mechanical seeding methods, like T1 = Bed planting, T2 = PTOS, T3 = Strip tillage, and T4 = Zero tillage and laid out in a split plot design with three replications. From the result based on the grain yield and water productivity, bed planting (T1) and three levels of irrigation (I4) was found as the best combination for wheat cultivation. Besides, at water scarcity area bed planting (T1), with two irrigation I2 (CRI and vegetative) was the suitable reduce irrigation scheduling for wheat cultivation. In different seeding methods, bed planting was increased yield about 10.58%, followed by PTOS and yield was identical in PTOS and ST. Comparatively, lowest yield was observed in zero. In irrigation treatment, three irrigations (I4) was observed, the best scheduling for wheat on all seeding system and yield was increased 11.98% in I4, followed by I2 and lowest yield was found in I1. The result also revealed that the soil moisture contribution was decreased with increased applied water, as well as number of irrigation.
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