抵达年龄和移民的住房使用权:来自英国的证据

Olayiwola Oladiran, C. Schmidt, Adesola Sunmoni
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摘要

我们使用代表2014-2016年英国居住人口的数据集研究了抵达年龄对移民住房拥有概率的影响。先前发现,移民的年龄在他们的生活结果中起着重要作用。但是,虽然大多数论文研究的是特定年龄组和有限数量的地理位置,但我们观察的是所有移民抵达时的年龄和出生国家的全部范围。与文献一致的是,在控制了其他因素后,我们发现18岁以下的移民和英国本地人在晚年拥有住房方面没有显著差异。然而,移民进入这个国家的时间越晚,成为房主的可能性就越低,这种模式适用于大多数出生地区。只有那些来自东南亚和太平洋地区、在人生后期移民的人比出生在英国的人更有可能拥有自己的房子,而非英国的西欧移民与出生在英国的人最相似。当我们比较第一代移民和第二代移民时,年龄群体之间的差异甚至很大,我们认为从文化角度来看,第二代移民是一个更好的比较群体。
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Age at Arrival and Immigrants' Housing Tenure: Evidence from the UK
We study the effect of age at arrival on immigrants' homeownership probability using a dataset representative of the population resident in the UK in 2014-2016. Age at arrival has previously been found to play a significant role in immigrants' life outcomes. But while most papers study certain age groups and a limited number of geographies, we observe immigrants of all ages at arrival and the full range of countries of birth. Consistent with the literature, we find no significant difference between immigrants arriving under the age of 18 and native Brits when it comes to owning a home in later life, controlling for other factors. However, immigrants exhibit significantly lower probabilities of being homeowners the later they enter the country, and this pattern holds for most regions of birth. Only those from South-East Asia and Pacific who immigrate at later stages in their lives are significantly more likely to own their homes than otherwise comparable people born in the UK, while non-UK, Western European immigrants are most similar to the UK-born. The differences between age groups even largely exist when we compare first-generation immigrants with second-generation immigrants, whom we deem to be a better comparison group from a cultural perspective.
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