Porous Bleed Boundary Conditions for Supersonic Flows With & Without Shock-Boundary Layer Interaction

This paper aims to evaluate the prediction accuracy of various porous bleed models on two flow cases of particular interest for supersonic applications: turbulent boundary layer bleeding and control of shock-boundary layer interactions. A thorough literature review was conducted to select the most relevant models. The models were then implemented as suction/blowing boundary conditions in the in-house compressible RANS solver elsA with a flexible approach based on source terms. Reference simulations with the holes considered in the computational domain were conducted in order to assess the models’ prediction capabilities. Two kinds of comparison were performed. In the first step, physical data (e.g., pressure, bleed mass flux) were extracted from the reference simulation and compared to the model predictions for the same conditions. In the second step, we performed RANS simulations using the various models as boundary conditions on a porous patch. Significant discrepancies between reference data and model predictions are highlighted, particularly for the bleed mass flux and velocity profiles, for which too high levels of momentum are predicted in the wall vicinity. This effect is supposedly attributed to the continuous application of transpiration over the patch. This has been shown to lead to an overestimation of the bleed effectiveness for the shock-boundary interaction flow case. In addition, reference simulations conducted in this study show that the diameter of the bleed holes influences the flow, which the existing porous bleed models do not consider. The outcome of this work, which highlights the deficiencies of state-of-the-art models, suggests the need to elaborate more advanced modeling for accurate prediction of both porous bleed performance and effect on the controlled flow.