Cooperative Spectrum Sensing under SISO and MIMO Environment for Cognitive Radio Networks

Increasing demand for wireless devices leads to utilizing spectrum resources efficiently. While available spectrum resources are very limited , in study found that all licensed users are not utilizing their spectrum all the time. Cognitive Radio (CR) is used to detect free channels from available spectrum resources and access it dynamically without interference to the licensed users. There are various spectrum sensing (SS) techniques available which can be used to sense the spectrum of licensed users. Spectrum sensing technique, Energy Detector (ED) is analysed under Rayleigh fading channel here. Further, Single Input Single Output (SISO) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) channel models developed under consumer environment. ED technique is further analysed with cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) environment to enhance the single CR user detection problems. For ED, Probability of Detection (PD) 0.9 and Probability of False Alarm (PFA) 0.1 are achieved under worst SNR conditions like -20dB which is the requirement for standard IEEE 802.22 Wireless Regional Area Network (WRAN). Various receiver operating characteristics are obtained through practical simulations and theoretical calculations for each SISO and MIMO channel models with and without CSS scenario to achieve the target PD & PFA .