新冠肺炎大流行第一波背景下信息议程中的假新闻和后真相新闻

A. Yefanov
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摘要

文章认为,在新冠病毒(COVID-19)大流行的第一波“浪潮”背景下,信息议程中错误信息的传播(伪造)和后真相新闻的传播是同步的。运用案例分析、语篇分析、比较分析等方法。经验基础是电视频道(Channel One, Rossiya 1, NTV)和社交网络(VKontakte,在俄罗斯联邦境内被禁止的Facebook, Instagram)的材料。研究时间表- 2020年3月至6月。研究结果表明,上述过程是由于与“高低门槛”同时出现的问题化——这种社会先例在整个社会空间的传播和个体之间完全缺乏这种经验导致社会迷失方向,特别是社会的操纵敏感性——以及行为者动机的分化。根据作者的伪新闻概念,确定假新闻是大众意识的产物,后真相是控制媒体的权力有计划和深思熟虑的策略的结果。激发信息议程的虚假化和后真实化过程,与主要传播渠道(互联网和电视)的稳定叙事相关,强化既定的媒体形象,从而构成舆论中有条件的“英雄”和“敌人”资格。
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Fake and Post-Truth News in the Information Agenda in the Context of the First “Wave” of the Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19)
The article argues the synchronized processes of diffusion of misinformation (fakeization) and spread of post-truth news in the information agenda, disposed in the context of the first “wave” of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. The methods of case study, discourse analysis, and comparative analysis are applied. The empirical base is the materials of television channels (Channel One, Rossiya 1, NTV) and social networks (VKontakte and banned on  the territory of the Russian Federation Facebook, Instagram). Timeline of the study – March-June 2020. The outcomes of the study demonstrate that the above processes were due to the problematization simultaneously with the “high and low threshold” – the spread of this social precedent to the entire social space and complete lack of such experience among individuals causes social disorientation and particularly manipulative susceptibility of society – and due to the differentiated motives of the actors. Based on the author's concept of pseudo-news, it is determined that fake is  a product of mass consciousness, and post-truth – a result of the planned and deliberate tactics implemented by the powers that control media. Inspiring the processes of fakeization and post-truthization of the information agenda correlated with stable narratives of the main communication channels (the Internet and television), strengthening the established media picture, thereby constituting the qualification of conditional “heroes” and “enemies” in public opinion.
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