各种木材径向、切向和横截面迈耶硬度指数的探测测量

G. Koczan
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摘要

迈耶指数是出现在迈耶硬度幂律中的幂指数,它描述了压痕力与由球(或圆柱体)引起的压痕直径的依赖关系。完全塑性材料的迈耶硬度指数应为2,完全弹性材料的迈耶硬度指数应为3。作者和同事先前的研究表明,山毛榉木材的迈耶指数为2.5,金属铝为2.25,铜为2.0。这就产生了每个木材的硬度指数约为2.5的假设。我们决定用不同类型的木材,不同的解剖截面方向来验证这一假设。因此,对这种多样性的研究必须是探索性的。然而,这些探测测量表明,不同类型的木材在给定的截面平面有相似的迈耶指数,但在每个截面它是一个不同的值。径向截面的测量平均值为2.41,切向截面的测量平均值为2.28,横截面的测量平均值为1.98。因此,仅对径向截面确认2.5的初始假设值,对切向和横截面假设2.25和2.0的新值。只有Meyer指数的极值(在径向和横截面上)有统计学上的显著差异。
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Probing measurements of the Meyer hardness index of radial, tangential and cross section of various types of wood
The Meyer index is a power exponent appearing in Meyer hardness power law, which describes the dependence of the indenting force on the diameter of the indentation caused by the ball (or alternatively a cylinder). A perfectly plastic material should have a Meyer hardness index of 2 and a perfectly elastic material of 3. Previous research by the author and co-workers indicated that the Meyer index of beech wood is 2.5 and for metals aluminum 2.25, copper 2.0. This gave rise to the hypothesis that the hardness index of each wood is about 2.5. It was decided to verify this hypothesis for different types of wood, different anatomical cross-sectional directions. Research on such diversity must therefore be of a probing nature. Nevertheless, these probing measurements indicate that different types of wood in given sectional planes have similar Meyer indexes, but in each section it is a different value. The measured mean value in the radial section was 2.41, in the tangential section 2.28 and in the cross section 1.98. Thus, the initial hypothesis of the value 2.5 was confirmed only for the radial section, and for the tangential and cross sections, new values of 2.25 and 2.0 were hypothesized. Only the extreme values of the Meyer indexes (on the radial and cross section) turned out to be statistically significantly different.
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