Recurrent periorbital zosteriform herpes simplex virus infection in childhood

Introduction Zosteriform herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection is an uncommon presentation of HSV recurrent cutaneous infection and it is usually misdiagnosed as zoster.

Methods We report a series of consecutive cases of zosteriform HSV that we recently managed.

Results Four cases of recurrent zosteriform HSV infection in the second division of the trigeminal nerve were seen. Immunologic evaluation determined that the patients were immunocompetent. Culture and/or direct fluorescent stain diagnosed HSV. No ocular involvement was present, and all patients responded to oral acyclovir.

Recommendations Clinicians should suspect HSV infection in patients with recurrent vesicular lesions with zosteriform appearance. Immunologic evaluation is not necessary; however, ophthalmologic examination to exclude ocular involvement is required. Oral acyclovir is useful for treatment.