边缘的历史:白话文千年中西印度的文学文化和手稿生产

Jahnabi Barooah Chanchani
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要:南亚学者早就知道praśastis,这是一种用跨区域梵语写在铜板、石板和寺庙墙壁上的赞美诗,从公元初的几个世纪开始。他们传统上通过筛选这些文献来恢复王朝历史,并认为作为一种体裁,它在公元第二个千年中消失了,当时伊斯兰政治在次大陆建立起来,新的历史写作体裁得到普及。在做出这种假设时,他们忽略了一个事实,即praśastis仍然经常被创作和书写。然而,它们既没有出现在公共场所,也没有出现在公共文件中,而是经常出现在棕榈叶和纸质手稿的末尾。在本文中,我仔细分析了迄今为止尚未翻译的语料库praśastis和其他抄写者的评论,这些抄写者写在公元前1000年至1600年在印度西部制作的丰富的耆那教手稿的末尾。这是一个手稿文化和文学作品在该地区蓬勃发展的时期。通过对这些系谱微观历史的仔细阅读,我对新的权力精英、文人协会、手稿生产中心、专业作家和抄写员的兴起以及亲属关系的形成有了新的认识。我还考虑了该地区赞助人的美学和诗学,并询问为什么在公元第二个千年的最初几个世纪里,赞助人试图用一种古老的体裁来合法化他们的家族史。
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History from the Margins: Literary Culture and Manuscript Production in Western India in the Vernacular Millennium
Abstract:Scholars of South Asia have long known of praśastis, eulogistic verses often composed in the transregional Sanskrit language on copperplates, stone slabs, and temple walls, from the early centuries of the Common Era. They have traditionally sieved these documents to recover dynastic histories and have supposed that as a genre, it faded away in the second millennium CE when Islamic polities were established across the subcontinent and new genres of history writing were popularized. In making this supposition they have overlooked the fact that praśastis continued to be frequently composed and written. Yet, their appearance was neither in public spaces nor in public documents, but frequently at the ends of palm-leaf and paper manuscripts. In this paper, I carefully analyze a corpus of hitherto un-translated praśastis and other scribal remarks written at the end of oft illustrated sumptuous Jaina manuscripts prepared between c. 1000 – 1600 in western India. This was a period during which manuscript culture and literary production burgeoned in the region. Through my close reading of these genealogical micro histories, I shed new light on the emergence of new power elites, literati associations, centers of manuscript production, the rise of professional authors and scribes, and formation of kinship. I also consider the aesthetics and poetics of patronage in the region and ask why patrons in the early centuries of the second millennium CE sought to legitimize their family histories using an archaic genre.
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