K. B. Davis, M. Mewes, M. R. Andrews, N. V. Druten, D. Durfee, D. M. Kurn, W. Ketterle
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Bose-Einstein Condensation in a Gas of Sodium Atoms
We have observed Bose-Einstein condensation of sodium atoms. The atoms were trapped in a novel trap that employed both magnetic and optical forces. Evaporative cooling increased the phase-space density by 6 orders of magnitude within seven seconds. Condensates contained up to 5 3 105 atoms at densities exceeding 1014 cm23. The striking signature of Bose condensation was the sudden appearance of a bimodal velocity distribution below the critical temperature of , 2 mK. The distribution consisted of an isotropic thermal distribution and an elliptical core attributed to the expansion of a dense condensate.